GSM evolution packet data traffic channel resource transmission management—fixed uplink allocation technique

ABSTRACT

A radio access network node (e.g., Base Station Subsystem), a wireless device (e.g., a mobile station), and various methods are described herein for improving the allocation of radio resources in wireless communications. In one embodiment, the radio access network node and wireless device implement a fixed uplink allocation technique. In another embodiment, the radio access network node and wireless device implement a flexible downlink allocation technique.

CLAIM OF PRIORITY

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/996,381, filed on Jun. 1, 2018, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,334,584 on Jun. 25, 2019, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/006,703, filed on Jan. 26, 2016, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,015,781 on Jul. 3, 2018, which claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/108,489, filed on Jan. 27, 2015. The entire contents of each of these applications are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes.

RELATED PATENT APPLICATION

This application is related to the following co-filed application: U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/007,009 entitled “GSM EVOLUTION PACKET DATA TRAFFIC CHANNEL RESOURCE TRANSMISSION MANAGEMENT—FLEXIBLE DOWNLINK ALLOCATION TECHNIQUE”, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,854,574, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to the wireless communications field and, more particularly, to a radio access network node (e.g., Base Station Subsystem), a wireless device (e.g., a mobile station), and various methods for improving the allocation of radio resources for wireless communications. In one embodiment, the radio access network node and wireless device implement a fixed uplink allocation technique. In another embodiment, the radio access network node and wireless device implement a flexible downlink allocation technique.

BACKGROUND

The following abbreviations and terms are herewith defined, at least some of which are referred to within the following description of the present disclosure.

-   3GPP 3rd-Generation Partnership Project -   ACK Acknowledge -   AGCH Access Grant Channel -   ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit -   BLER Block Error Rate -   BSS Base Station Subsystem -   CC Coverage Class -   EC Extended Coverage -   eDRX Extended Discontinuous Receive Cycle -   EC-AGCH Extended Coverage Access Grant Channel -   EC-PCH Extended Coverage Paging Channel -   DSP Digital Signal Processor -   EDGE Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution -   EGPRS Enhanced General Packet Radio Service -   FAI Final Acknowledge Indicator -   FDA Flexible Downlink Allocation -   FN Frame Number -   FUA Fixed Uplink Allocation -   GSM Global System for Mobile Communications -   GERAN GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network -   GPRS General Packet Radio Service -   HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request -   IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity -   IoT Internet of Things -   LLC Logical Link Control -   LTE Long-Term Evolution -   MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme -   MS Mobile Station -   MTC Machine Type Communications -   PCH Paging Channel -   PDN Packet Data Network -   PDTCH Packet Data Traffic Channel -   PDU Protocol Data Unit -   RACH Random Access Channel -   RAN Radio Access Network -   RAI Routing Area Identity -   RAU Routing Area Update -   RLC Radio Link Control -   RRBP Relative Reserved Block Period -   SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node -   TDMA Time Division Multiple Access -   TFI Temporary Flow Identity -   TS Time Slot -   TSC Training Sequence Code -   TSG Technical Specifications Group -   UE User Equipment -   USF Uplink State Flag -   WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access -   WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access

Coverage Class: At any point in time a device belongs to a specific uplink/downlink coverage class that corresponds to either the legacy radio interface performance attributes that serve as the reference coverage for legacy cell planning (e.g., a Block Error Rate of 10% after a single radio block transmission on the PDTCH) or a range of degraded radio interface performance attributes compared to the reference coverage (e.g., up to 20 dB less than the reference coverage). Coverage class determines the total number of blind transmissions to be used when transmitting/receiving radio blocks. An uplink/downlink coverage class applicable at any point in time can differ between different logical channels. Upon initiating a system access a device determines the uplink/downlink coverage class applicable to the RACH/AGCH based on estimating the number of blind transmissions of a radio block needed by the BSS receiver/device receiver to experience a BLER (block error rate) of approximately 10%. The BSS determines the uplink/downlink coverage class to be used by a device on the device's assigned packet channel resources based on estimating the number of blind transmissions of a radio block needed to satisfy a target BLER and considering the number of HARQ retransmissions (of a radio block) that will, on average, be required for successful reception of a radio block using that target BLER. Note: a device operating with radio interface performance attributes corresponding to the reference coverage is considered to be in the best coverage class (i.e., coverage class 1) and therefore does not make blind transmissions.

eDRX cycle: eDiscontinuous reception (eDRX) is a process of a wireless device disabling its ability to receive when it does not expect to receive incoming messages and enabling its ability to receive during a period of reachability when it anticipates the possibility of message reception. For eDRX to operate, the network coordinates with the wireless device regarding when instances of reachability are to occur. The wireless device will therefore wake-up and enable message reception only during pre-scheduled periods of reachability. This process reduces the power consumption which extends the battery life of the wireless device and is sometimes called (deep) sleep mode.

Nominal Paging Group: The specific set of EC-PCH blocks a device monitors once per eDRX cycle. The device determines this specific set of EC-PCH blocks using an algorithm that takes into account its IMSI, its eDRX cycle length and its downlink coverage class.

As discussed in the 3GPP TSG-GERAN Meeting #63 Tdoc GP-140624, entitled “Cellular IoT-PDCH UL Resource Management,” dated Aug. 25-29, 2014 (the contents of which are hereby incorporated herein for all purposes), the GSM Evolution (now referred to as EC-GSM) will use the concept of pre-allocating radio blocks on uplink (UL) EC-Packet Data Traffic Channel (PDTCH) resources in the interest of avoiding Uplink Status Flag (USF) based uplink transmissions for wireless devices operating in extended coverage, and to optimize the energy consumption in the wireless device when in packet transfer mode. The present disclosure describes various ways for improving the allocation of radio resources in wireless communications to address a need associated with the concept of pre-allocating radio blocks or radio resources on the UL EC-PDTCH. In addition, the present disclosure describes various ways for improving the allocation of radio resources in wireless communication to address a need associated with the concept of pre-allocating radio blocks or radio resources on the DL EC-PDTCH.

SUMMARY

A radio access network node (e.g., BSS), a wireless device and various methods for addressing at least the aforementioned needs are described in the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the radio access network node (e.g., BSS), the wireless device and the various methods are further described in the dependent claims.

In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a radio access network (RAN) node configured to interact with a core network (CN) node and a wireless device. The RAN node comprises a processor and a memory that stores processor-executable instructions, wherein the processor interfaces with the memory to execute the processor-executable instructions, whereby the RAN node is operable to perform a receive operation and a transmit operation. In the receive operation, the RAN node receives one or more repetitions of an access request message from the wireless device. The access request message comprises: an indication of a number of data blocks the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node. In the transmit operation, the RAN node transmits one or more repetitions of an uplink assignment message. The uplink assignment message comprises: (a) an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio blocks on a packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication of an Uplink (UL) coverage class; and (c) an indication of a starting point of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device is to use to transmit a first data block from the data blocks that the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node. An advantage of the RAN node implementing these operations is that it can support uplink data transmissions for a wireless device operating in an extended coverage condition for which the legacy USF based mechanism commonly used for supporting uplink data transmissions is not feasible.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method in a radio access network (RAN) node configured to interact with a core network (CN) node and a wireless device. The method comprises a receiving step and a transmitting step. In the receiving step, the RAN node receives one or more repetitions of an access request message from the wireless device. The access request message comprises: an indication of a number of data blocks the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node. In the transmitting step, the RAN node transmits one or more repetitions of an uplink assignment message. The uplink assignment message comprises: (a) an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio blocks on a packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication of an Uplink (UL) coverage class; and (c) an indication of a starting point of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device is to use to transmit a first data block (202 ₁) from the data blocks that the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node. An advantage of the RAN node implementing these steps is that it can support uplink data transmissions for a wireless device operating in an extended coverage condition for which the legacy USF based mechanism commonly used for supporting uplink data transmissions is not feasible.

In yet another aspect, the present disclosure provides a wireless device configured to interact with a radio access network (RAN) node. The wireless device comprises a processor and a memory that stores processor-executable instructions, wherein the processor interfaces with the memory to execute the processor-executable instructions, whereby the wireless device is operable to perform a transmit operation and a receive operation. In the transmit operation, the wireless device transmits one or more repetitions of an access request message to the RAN node. The access request message comprises: an indication of a number of data blocks the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node. In the receive operation, the wireless device receives one or more repetitions of an uplink assignment message from the RAN node. The uplink assignment message comprises: (a) an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio blocks on a packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication of an Uplink (UL) coverage class; and (c) an indication of a starting point of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device is to use to transmit a first data block from the data blocks that the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node. An advantage of the wireless device implementing these operations is that it can support uplink data transmissions while operating in an extended coverage condition for which the legacy USF based mechanism commonly used for supporting uplink data transmissions is not feasible.

In still yet another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method in a wireless device configured to interact with a radio access network (RAN) node. The method comprises a transmitting step and a receiving step. In the transmitting step, the wireless device transmits one or more repetitions of an access request message to the RAN node. The access request message comprises: an indication of a number of data blocks the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node. In the receiving step, the wireless device receives one or more repetitions of an uplink assignment message from the RAN node. The uplink assignment message comprises: (a) an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio blocks on a packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication of an Uplink (UL) coverage class; and (c) an indication of a starting point of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device is to use to transmit a first data block from the data blocks that the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node. An advantage of the wireless device implementing these steps is that it can support uplink data transmissions while operating in an extended coverage condition for which the legacy USF based mechanism commonly used for supporting uplink data transmissions is not feasible.

Additional aspects of the present disclosure will be set forth, in part, in the detailed description, figures and any claims which follow, and in part will be derived from the detailed description, or can be learned by practice of the invention. It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A more complete understanding of the present disclosure may be obtained by reference to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an exemplary wireless communication network which comprises a CN node, multiple RAN nodes, and multiple wireless devices which are configured in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a signal flow diagram illustrating the signaling associated with a wireless device making an uplink small data transmission to a RAN node utilizing a fixed uplink allocation technique in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method implemented in the RAN node shown in FIG. 2 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary structure of the RAN node shown in FIG. 2 configured in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method implemented in the wireless device shown in FIG. 2 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary structure of the wireless device shown in FIG. 2 configured in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a signal flow diagram illustrating the signaling associated with a wireless device receiving a downlink small data transmission from a RAN node utilizing a flexible downlink allocation technique in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method implemented in the RAN node shown in FIG. 7 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary structure of the RAN node shown in FIG. 7 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a method implemented in the wireless device shown in FIG. 7 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary structure of the wireless device shown in FIG. 7 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 12 is a signal flow diagram illustrating the signaling associated with a wireless device receiving a downlink small data transmission from a RAN node utilizing a flexible downlink allocation technique in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a method implemented in the RAN node shown in FIG. 12 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary structure of the RAN node shown in FIG. 12 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 15 is a flowchart of a method implemented in the wireless device shown in FIG. 12 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary structure of the wireless device shown in FIG. 12 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

A discussion is provided first herein to describe an exemplary wireless communication network that includes a CN node (e.g., SGSN), multiple RAN nodes (e.g., BSSs), and multiple wireless devices which are configured in accordance with the present disclosure (illustrated in FIG. 1). Then, a discussion is provided to disclose how a RAN node and a wireless device can implement a fixed uplink allocation technique in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure (illustrated in FIGS. 2-6). Thereafter, a discussion is provided to disclose how a RAN node and a wireless device can implement a flexible downlink allocation technique in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure (illustrated in FIGS. 7-16).

Exemplary Wireless Communication Network 100

Referring to FIG. 1, there is illustrated an exemplary wireless communication network 100 in accordance with the present disclosure. The wireless communication network 100 includes a core network 106 (which comprises a CN node 107) and multiple RAN nodes 102 ₁ and 102 ₂ (only two shown) which interface with multiple wireless devices 104 ₁, 104 ₂, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n). The wireless communication network 100 also includes many well-known components, but for clarity, only the components needed to describe the features of the present disclosure are described herein. Further, the wireless communication network 100 is described herein as being a GSM/EGPRS wireless communication network 100 which is also known as an EDGE wireless communication network 100. However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the techniques of the present disclosure which are applied to the GSM/EGPRS wireless communication network 100 are generally applicable to other types of wireless communication systems, including, for example, WCDMA, LTE, and WiMAX systems.

The wireless communication network 100 includes the RAN nodes 102 ₁ and 102 ₂ (only two shown) which provide network access to the wireless devices 104 ₁, 104 ₂, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n). In this example, the RAN node 102 ₁ is providing network access to wireless device 104 ₁ while the RAN node 102 ₂ is providing network access to wireless devices 104 ₂, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n). The RAN nodes 102 ₁ and 102 ₂ are connected to the core network 106 (e.g., SGSN core network 106) and, in particular, to the CN node 107 (e.g., SGSN 107). The core network 106 is connected to an external packet data network (PDN) 108, such as the Internet, and a server 110 (only one shown). The wireless devices 104 ₁, 104 ₂, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n) may communicate with one or more servers 110 (only one shown) connected to the core network 106 and/or the PDN 108.

The wireless devices 104 ₁, 104 ₂, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n) may refer generally to an end terminal (user) that attaches to the wireless communication network 100, and may refer to either a MTC device (e.g., a smart meter) or a non-MTC device. Further, the term “wireless device” is generally intended to be synonymous with the term mobile device, mobile station (MS). “User Equipment,” or UE, as that term is used by 3GPP, and includes standalone wireless devices, such as terminals, cell phones, smart phones, tablets, and wireless-equipped personal digital assistants, as well as wireless cards or modules that are designed for attachment to or insertion into another electronic device, such as a personal computer, electrical meter, etc.

Likewise, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the term RAN node 102 ₁ and 102 ₂ is used herein in the most general sense to refer to a base station, a wireless access node, or a wireless access point in a wireless communication network 100, and may refer to RAN nodes 102 ₁ and 102 ₂ that are controlled by a physically distinct radio network controller as well as to more autonomous access points, such as the so-called evolved Node Bs (eNodeBs) in Long-Term Evolution (LTE) networks.

Each wireless device 104 ₁, 104 ₂, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n) may include a transceiver circuit 110 ₁, 110 ₂, 110 ₃ . . . 110 _(n) for communicating with the RAN nodes 102 ₁ and 102 ₂, and a processing circuit 112 ₁, 112 ₂, 112 ₃ . . . 112 _(n) for processing signals transmitted from and received by the transceiver circuit 110 ₁, 110 ₂, 110 ₃ . . . 110 _(n) and for controlling the operation of the corresponding wireless device 104 ₁, 104 ₂, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n). The transceiver circuit 110 ₁, 110 ₂, 110 ₃ . . . 110 _(n) may include a transmitter 114 ₁, 114 ₂, 114 ₃ . . . 114 _(n) and a receiver 116 ₁, 116 ₂, 116 ₃ . . . 116 _(n), which may operate according to any standard, e.g., the GSM/EDGE standard. The processing circuit 112 ₁, 112 ₂, 112 ₃ . . . 112 _(n) may include a processor 118 ₁, 118 ₂, 118 ₃ . . . 118 _(n) and a memory 120 ₁, 120 ₂, 120 ₃ . . . 120 _(n) for storing program code for controlling the operation of the corresponding wireless device 104 ₁, 104 ₂, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n). The program code may include code for performing the procedures as described hereinafter with respect to FIGS. 5, 10, and 15.

Each RAN node 102 ₁ and 102 ₂ may include a transceiver circuit 122 ₁ and 122 ₂ for communicating with wireless devices 104 ₁, 104 ₂, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n), a processing circuit 124 ₁ and 124 ₂ for processing signals transmitted from and received by the transceiver circuit 122 ₁ and 122 ₂ and for controlling the operation of the corresponding RAN node 102 ₁ and 102 ₂, and a network interface 126 ₁ and 126 ₂ for communicating with the core network 106. The transceiver circuit 122 ₁ and 122 ₂ may include a transmitter 128 ₁ and 128 ₂ and a receiver 130 ₁ and 130 ₂, which may operate according to any standard, e.g., the GSM/EDGE standard. The processing circuit 124 ₁ and 124 ₂ may include a processor 132 ₁ and 132 ₂, and a memory 134 ₁ and 134 ₂ for storing program code for controlling the operation of the corresponding RAN node 102 ₁ and 102 ₂. The program code may include code for performing the procedures as described hereinafter with respect to FIGS. 3, 8, and 13.

The CN node 107 (e.g., SGSN 107, Mobility Management Entity (MME) 107) may include a transceiver circuit 136 for communicating with the RAN nodes 102 ₁ and 102 ₂, a processing circuit 138 for processing signals transmitted from and received by the transceiver circuit 136 and for controlling the operation of the CN node 107, and a network interface 140 for communicating with the RAN nodes 102 ₁ and 102 ₂. The transceiver circuit 136 may include a transmitter 142 and a receiver 144, which may operate according to any standard, e.g., the GSM/EDGE standard. The processing circuit 138 may include a processor 146 and a memory 148 for storing program code for controlling the operation of the CN node 107. The program code may include code for performing the procedures as described hereinafter.

Fixed Uplink Allocation Technique

The Fixed Uplink Allocation (FUA) technique is used on the uplink of an EC-PDTCH by providing a wireless device 104 ₂ (for example) with a fixed starting point to transmit each one of a set of RLC data radio blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(n) from its buffered user plane payload to the RAN node 102 ₂ (for example), as briefly described below and then described in more detail with respect to FIGS. 2-6.

-   -   A feature of the FUA technique is that wireless device 104 ₂ is         pre-allocated, in an uplink assignment message 206 (e.g.,         EC-AGCH Resource Assignment message 206), a set of radio blocks         over up to 4 timeslots where the wireless device 104 ₂         subsequently transmits one or more RLC data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂         . . . 202 _(X) to the RAN node 102 ₂, where each RLC data block         202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) is repeated according to a value for         NTX, UL indicated by the uplink assignment message 206.     -   The set of radio blocks are allocated so that all repetitions of         each specific RLC data block 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) are         transmitted contiguously but without needing that each of the         RLC data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) be transmitted         contiguous to each other.     -   After the transmission of its RLC data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . .         202 _(X) on the pre-allocated radio blocks, the wireless device         104 ₂ waits for a corresponding Packet Uplink Ack/Nack (PUAN)         message 208, which occurs within a variable amount of time after         the wireless device 104 ₂ transmits the last allocated radio         block. The PUAN message 208 provides an Ack/Nack bitmap and         another set of pre-allocated uplink radio blocks (if         necessary—i.e., when all of the RLC data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . .         . 202 _(X) have not been successfully received by the RAN node         102 ₂) so that the wireless device 104 ₂ may continue its uplink         transmission.

An exemplary sequence of signaling steps associated with the FUA technique is illustrated in FIG. 2 and described in detail below with respect to the wireless device 104 ₂ (e.g., IoT device 104 ₂) having an uplink coverage class needing NTX, UL repetitions, a downlink coverage class needing NTX, DL repetitions, and needing X MCS-1 coded RLC data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) to send its user plane payload. The exemplary signaling steps associated with the wireless device 104 ₂ initiating an uplink small data transmission to transmit its user plane payload to the RAN node 102 ₂ are as follows:

Step 1: The wireless device 104 ₂ transmits multiple repetitions of a Small Data Request message 204 (e.g., access request message 204) on the EC-Random Access Channel (RACH) to the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂). The number of repetitions is determined based on the wireless device's estimated uplink (UL) coverage class (note: a wireless device in normal coverage would use a single transmission (i.e., not repeated) when transmitting a Small Data Request message 204 on the RACH/EC-RACH). The Small Data Request message 204 can be configured as follows:

-   -   The wireless device 104 ₂ includes information within the Small         Data Request message 204 as indicated by TABLE #1, where the         Number of MCS-1 Coded Blocks field is used to indicate the         wireless device 104 ₂ has X MCS-1 RLC data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ .         . . 202 _(X) to transmit to the RAN node 102 ₂.     -   An indication of whether or not the wireless device 104 ₂         supports MCS-5 through MCS-9 is indicted by the TSC used when         transmitting the Small Data Request message 204 as per legacy         operation.     -   The Small Data Request message 204 transmitted on the EC-RACH         includes an indication of the DL coverage class estimated by the         wireless device 104 ₂.     -   System Information (SI) transmitted on timeslot (TS) 1 indicates         that if a wireless device 104 ₃ (for example) is in normal         coverage (N_(TX, UL)=N_(TX, DL)=1) then it is to perform a         system access using the RACH of TS0 or the RACH of TS1. Note:         the System Information (SI) would be transmitted by the RAN node         102 ₂ before the wireless device 104 ₃ uses the RACH to transmit         the Small Data Request message 204.

TABLE #1 Content of Small Data Request Message 204 Number of DL Type of MCS-1 Coded Priority Random Coverage Device Access Blocks Indicator Bits Class Identity Request (4 bits) (1 bit) (3 bits) (3 bits) (32 bits) AB on TS0 Yes Yes Yes No¹ No AB on TS1 Yes Yes Yes Yes No NB on TS0 Yes Yes No No¹ Yes NB on TS1 Yes Yes No Yes Yes NOTE: ¹Not needed since the access is always when in normal coverage on UL and DL

Step 2: The Uplink Assignment message 206 is transmitted by the RAN node 102 ₂ to the wireless device 104 ₂ on the EC-AGCH using a number of repetitions as indicated by the DL coverage class value included in the Small Data Request message 204:

-   -   The Uplink Assignment message 206 indicates the number of         pre-allocated MCS-1 coded UL radio blocks X, the starting point         of the pre-allocated radio blocks needed for sending the first         RLC data block 202 ₁ (for example) on the assigned EC-PDTCH         resources (e.g., expressed as an offset relative to where the         Uplink Assignment message 206 is received), as well as the         starting points of the pre-allocated radio blocks needed for         sending the additional RLC data blocks 202 ₂, 202 ₃ . . . 202         _(X), where each RLC data block 202 ₁, 202 ₂, 202 ₃ . . . 202         _(X) is sent using N_(TX, UL) repetitions.     -   The Uplink Assignment message 206 also indicates the DL coverage         class N_(TX, DL) and the UL coverage class N_(TX, UL) to be used         by the wireless device 104 ₂ on the assigned EC-PDTCH resources.         This DL coverage class may override the DL coverage class         indicated by the wireless device 104 ₂ in the Small Data Request         message 204.     -   For example, if the uplink payload needing transmission consists         of 5 MCS-1 RLC a blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂, 202 ₃, 202 ₄ and 202 ₅         (X=5) and N_(TX, UL) indicates 8 repetitions are needed, then a         total of 40 radio blocks (X*N_(TX, UL)) needs to be transmitted.         Each RLC data block 202 ₁, 202 ₂, 202 ₃, 202 ₄ and 202 ₅ will         then be transmitted using 8 pre-allocated contiguous radio         blocks.     -   The Uplink Assignment message 206 may indicate a coding scheme         other than MCS-1 (e.g., depending on the capability of the         wireless device 104 ₃ (for example) when sent in response to a         Small Data Request message 204 from a wireless device 104 ₃ (for         example) in normal coverage.     -   The set of N_(TX, UL) pre-allocated radio blocks used for         transmitting any given RLC data block 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202         _(X) can be transmitted using compact burst mapping.

Step 3: A HARQ scheme can be used for transmitting the uplink payload wherein, after transmitting the set of X RLC data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X), the wireless device 104 ₂ waits for a corresponding PUAN message 208.

Step 4: The RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) transmits the PUAN message 208 after attempting to receive the set of X RLC data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) from the wireless device 104 ₂.

-   -   The wireless device 104 ₂ may start looking for an expected PUAN         message 208 in the first DL EC-Packet Associated Control Channel         (PACCH) block (corresponding to the wireless device 104 ₂'s DL         coverage class) following the last pre-allocated radio block         that the wireless device 104 ₂ used to transmit the N_(TX, UL)         repetitions of the last UL RLC data block 202 _(X) (i.e., RLC         data block X).     -   The wireless device 104 ₂ examines fixed sets of EC-PACCH blocks         based on the wireless device 104 ₂'s assigned DL coverage class         (i.e., N_(TX, DL)). For example, if the wireless device 104 ₂         uses N_(TX, DL)=2 (i.e., 2 blind repetitions) it will only look         at fixed pairs of EC-PACCH blocks in an attempt to receive a         matching PUAN message 208. As such, the wireless device 104 ₂         will view each 52-multiframe on a monitored TS as potentially         containing 6 pairs of EC-PACCH blocks, where any one of these         pairs may potentially contain the wireless device 104 ₂'s         expected PUAN message 208.     -   If the expected PUAN message 208 is not received within the         first possible set of EC-PACCH blocks, then the wireless device         104 ₂ may attempt to receive the PUAN message 208 within the         next possible set of EC-PACCH blocks but within the context of a         certain maximum time window.     -   When the expected PUAN message 208 is received and indicates Y         RLC data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀ (for example) are         missing, they are re-transmitted to the RAN node 102 ₂ by the         wireless device 104 ₂ using the new set of pre-allocated uplink         radio blocks indicated by the PUAN message 208 (see step 5).     -   The PUAN message 208 may also indicate a new value for         N_(TX, UL) that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to apply when         resending the Y remaining RLC data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202         ₁₀ (for example) (see step 5).     -   If the expected PUAN message 208 is not received within a         maximum allowed time window, the wireless device 104 ₂ will         abort the uplink transmission. The RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102         ₂), upon transmitting the PUAN message 208 and not detecting any         uplink radio blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀ (for example) on the         pre-allocated resources, may resend the PUAN message 208 using         EC-PACCH blocks according to N_(TX, DL) (e.g., upon deciding to         resend the PUAN message 208, the RAN node 102 ₂ will apply the         same NTX, DL used previously for that wireless device 104 ₂).     -   The RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) may abort the uplink         transmission after failing to receive the missing RLC data         blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀ (for example) after resending the         PUAN message 208 an implementation-specific number of times.

Step 5: Step 3 is repeated but the wireless device 104 ₂ transmits the Y RLC data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀ (for example) instead of transmitting the X RLC data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X).

Step 6: After all the RLC data blocks X RLC data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) have been received, the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) re-assembles a Logical Link Control (LLC) PDU 209 (comprising an Internet Protocol (IP) Packet using the X RLC data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X)) and transmits the LLC PDU 209 to the CN node 107 (e.g., SGSN 107).

Step 7: The RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) transmits a PUAN message 210 to the wireless device 104 ₂ indicating that all X RLC data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) have been received and including a Final Ack Indicator (FAI) set to indicate completion of the uplink transmission. The wireless device 104 ₂ receives the PUAN message 210 on the EC-PACCH, as described in Step 4, and realizes that all X RLC data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) have been received by the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂). The RAN node 102 ₂/wireless device 104 ₂ then releases the assigned UL EC-PDTCH resources after sending/receiving the PUAN message 210 except for the case where the priority field of the Small Data Request message 204, in Step 1, indicated a high priority (e.g., an alarm), in which case Step 8 below may be applicable.

Step 8: The Packet Control Ack message 212 is optional but would typically be used for the case where the UL payload (X RLC data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X)) was transmitted for an alarm reporting event (e.g., since alarm reporting needs more reliability). The wireless device 104 ₂ transmits the Packet Control Ack message 212 using a single uplink EC-PACCH block repeated according to the N_(TX, UL) value last provided by the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) to the wireless device 104 ₂.

-   -   The RRBP field in the header of the EC-PACCH block used to send         the PUAN message 210 indicates the starting point of the         pre-allocated UL radio blocks to be used to transmit the Packet         Control Ack message 212 (e.g., N_(TX, UL) radio blocks are         pre-allocated).     -   If the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) fails to receive an         expected Packet Control Ack message 212, then the RAN node 102 ₂         (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) may re-transmit the PUAN message 210 an         implementation-specific number of times and then abort the         uplink transmission, as in Step 4.     -   The wireless device 104 ₂ that receives a PUAN message 210         soliciting the transmission of a Packet Control Ack message 212         shall, after transmitting the Packet Control Ack message 212,         continue to monitor the DL for possible EC-PACCH messages for a         limited time interval Z (e.g., indicated by the PUAN message         210) for the possible arrival of a repeated PUAN message 210         soliciting the re-transmission of the Packet Control Ack message         212.     -   If no additional PUAN message 210 is received during the time         interval Z, then the wireless device 104 ₂ releases the assigned         UL EC-PDTCH resources.

Note: Due to the half-duplex nature of the FUA technique, no simultaneous downlink reception will occur during the time of an uplink transmission.

Referring to FIG. 3, there is a flowchart of a method 300 implemented in the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) shown in FIG. 2 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. At step 302, the RAN node 102 ₂ receives one or more repetitions of an access request message 204 (e.g., Small Data Request message 204) from the wireless device 104 ₂ (for example) (see FIG. 2's step 1 for additional details). The access request message 204 can comprise: (a) an indication of a number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) the wireless device 104 ₂ intends to transmit to the RAN node 102 ₂; and (b) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class estimated by the wireless device 104 ₂. The number of repetitions of the access request message 204 is based on the UL coverage class.

At step 304, the RAN node 102 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of an uplink assignment message 206 to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 2 for additional details). The uplink assignment message 206 can comprise: (a) an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio blocks on a packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication (N_(TX, UL)) of an UL coverage class; and (c) an indication of a starting point of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to use to transmit a first data block 202 ₁ (for example) from the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) that the wireless device 104 ₂ intends to transmit to the RAN node 102 ₂; (d): an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class; and (e) an indication of starting points of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to use to transmit data blocks 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) (for example) subsequent to the first data block 202 ₁ (for example) that the wireless device 104 ₂ intends to transmit to the RAN node 102 ₂. The number of repetitions of the uplink assignment message 206 is based on the DL coverage class N_(TX, DL). As discussed above, the pre-allocated radio blocks are allocated by the RAN node 102 ₂ such that (1) all repetitions of each of the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) are to be transmitted contiguously by the wireless device 104 ₂, and (2) the pre-allocated radio blocks are allocated such that each of the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) does not need to be transmitted contiguously with respect to one another by the wireless device 104 ₂.

At step 306, the RAN node 102 ₂ receives from the wireless device 104 ₂ a portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) which were indicated in the access request message 204 (see FIG. 2's step 3 for additional details—note: the wireless device 104 ₂ transmits all of the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) and ideally the RAN node 102 ₂ would receive all of the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) but in this example the RAN node 102 ₂ does not receive data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀). The RAN node 102 ₂ would receive the portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) in the portion of the pre-allocated radio blocks. Plus, each of the received data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂, 202 ₄, 202 ₆, 202 ₇, 202 ₈, 202 ₉, 202 ₁₁ . . . 202 _(X) (for example) would have been repeated a number of times (N_(TX, UL)) by the wireless device 104 ₂ according to the UL coverage class.

At step 308, the RAN node 102 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of a first acknowledgment message 208 (e.g., PUAN message 208) to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 4 for additional details). The first acknowledgment message 208 comprises: (a) a first bitmap indicating the portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) that have been received and a remaining portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) that have not been received (note: in this example the RAN node 102 ₂ did not receive data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀); (b) an indication of another number of pre-allocated radio blocks on the packet data traffic channel that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to use to transmit the remaining portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) which in this example are data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀; and (c) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class. The number of repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 208 is based on the DL coverage class.

At step 310, the RAN node 102 ₂ receives from the wireless device 104 ₂ the remaining portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) which in this example are data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀ (see FIG. 2's step 5 for additional details). The RAN node 102 ₂ would receive the remaining portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) in the pre-allocated radio blocks indicated by the first acknowledgement message 208. Plus, each of the received data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀ would have been repeated a number of times (N_(TX, UL)) by the wireless device 104 ₂ according to the UL coverage class.

At steps 312 and 314, the RAN node 102 ₂ assembles (step 312) an LLC PDU 209 including the received portion and the received remaining portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) (i.e., all of the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X)) and transmits (step 314) the LLC PDU 209 to the CN node 107 (e.g., SGSN 107) (see FIG. 2's step 6 for additional details).

At step 316, the RAN node 102 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of a second acknowledgment message 210 (e.g., PUAN message 210) to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 7 for additional details). The second acknowledgment message 210 comprises a second bitmap indicating that all of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) have been received by the RAN node 102 ₂ and a Final Ack Indicator (FAI) indicating completion of the uplink transmission. The number of repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 210 is based on the DL coverage class.

At step 318, the RAN node 102 ₂ receives one or more repetitions of a third acknowledgment message 212 (e.g., Packet Control Ack message 212) from the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 8 for additional details). The third acknowledgment message 212 comprises an indication that the second acknowledgment message 210 (e.g., PUAN message 210) has been received by the wireless device 104 ₂. The third acknowledgment message 212 would have been repeated a number of times (N_(TX, UL)) by the wireless device 104 ₂ according to the UL coverage class. The other RAN node 102 ₁ can also be configured in a similar manner to perform method 300.

Referring to FIG. 4, there is a block diagram illustrating structures of an exemplary RAN node 102 ₂ (for example) configured in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. In one embodiment, the RAN node 102 ₂ may comprise a first receive module 402, a first transmit module 404, a second receive module 406, a second transmit module 408, a third receive module 410, an assemble module 412, a third transmit module 414, a fourth transmit module 416, and a fourth receive module 418. The RAN node 102 ₂ may also include other components, modules or structures which are well-known, but for clarity, only the components, modules or structures needed to describe the features of the present disclosure are described herein.

The first receive module 402 is configured to receive one or more repetitions of an access request message 204 (e.g., Small Data Request message 204) from the wireless device 104 ₂ (for example) (see FIG. 2's step 1 for additional details). The access request message 204 can comprise: (a) an indication of a number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) the wireless device 104 ₂ intends to transmit to the RAN node 102 ₂; and (b) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class estimated by the wireless device 104 ₂. The number of repetitions of the access request message 204 is based on the UL coverage class.

The first transmit module 404 is configured to transmit one or more repetitions of an uplink assignment message 206 to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 2 for additional details). The uplink assignment message 206 can comprise: (a) an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio blocks on a packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication (N_(TX, UL)) of an UL coverage class; and (c) an indication of a starting point of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to use to transmit a first data block 202 ₁ (for example) from the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) that the wireless device 104 ₂ intends to transmit to the RAN node 102 ₂; (d): an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class; and (e) an indication of starting points of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to use to transmit data blocks 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) (for example) subsequent to the first data block 202 ₁ (for example) that the wireless device 104 ₂ intends to transmit to the RAN node 102 ₂. The number of repetitions of the uplink assignment message 206 is based on the DL coverage class. As discussed above, the pre-allocated radio blocks are allocated by the RAN node 102 ₂ such that (1) all repetitions of each of the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) are to be transmitted contiguously by the wireless device 104 ₂, and (2) the pre-allocated radio blocks are allocated such that each of the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) does not need to be transmitted contiguously with respect to one another by the wireless device 104 ₂.

The second receive module 406 is configured to receive from the wireless device 104 ₂ a portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) which were indicated in the access request message 204 (see FIG. 2's step 3 for additional details—note: the wireless device 104 ₂ transmits all of the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) and ideally the RAN node 102 ₂ would receive all of the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) but in this example the RAN node 102 ₂ does not receive data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀). The RAN node 102 ₂ would receive the portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) in the portion of the pre-allocated radio blocks. Plus, each of the received data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂, 202 ₄, 202 ₆, 202 ₇, 202 ₈, 202 ₉, 202 ₁₁ . . . 202 _(X) (for example) would have been repeated a number of times (N_(TX, UL)) by the wireless device 104 ₂ according to the UL coverage class.

The second transmit module 408 is configured to transmit one or more repetitions of a first acknowledgment message 208 (e.g., PUAN message 208) to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 4 for additional details). The first acknowledgment message 208 comprises: (a) a first bitmap indicating the portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) that have been received and a remaining portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) that have not been received (note: in this example the RAN node 102 ₂ did not receive data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀); (b) an indication of another number of pre-allocated radio blocks on the packet data traffic channel that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to use to transmit the remaining portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) which in this example are data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀; and (c) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class. The number of repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 208 is based on the DL coverage class.

The third receive module 410 is configured to receive from the wireless device 104 ₂ the remaining portion of the number of data block 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) which in this example are data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀ (see FIG. 2's step 5 for additional details). The RAN node 102 ₂ would receive the remaining portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) in the pre-allocated radio blocks indicated by the first acknowledgement message 208. Plus, each of the received data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀ would have been repeated a number of times (N_(TX, UL)) by the wireless device 104 ₂ according to the UL coverage class.

The assemble module 412 is configured to assemble an LLC PDU 209 including the received portion and the received remaining portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) (i.e., all of the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X). The third transmit module 414 is configured to transmit the LLC PDU 209 to the CN node 107 (e.g., SGSN 107) (see FIG. 2's step 6 for additional details).

The fourth transmit module 416 is configured to transmit one or more repetitions of a second acknowledgment message 210 (e.g., PUAN message 210) to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 7 for additional details). The second acknowledgment message 210 comprises a second bitmap indicating that all of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) have been received by the RAN node 102 ₂ and a Final Ack Indicator (FAI) indicating completion of the uplink transmission. The number of repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 210 is based on the DL coverage class.

The fourth receive module 418 is configured to receive one or more repetitions of a third acknowledgment message 212 (e.g., Packet Control Ack message 212) from the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 8 for additional details). The third acknowledgment message 212 comprises an indication that the second acknowledgment message 210 (e.g., PUAN message 210) has been received by the wireless device 104 ₂. The third acknowledgment message 212 would have been repeated a number of times (N_(TX, UL)) by the wireless device 104 ₂ according to the UL coverage class.

As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the above-described modules 402, 404, 406, 408, 410, 412, 414, 416 and 418 of the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) may be implemented separately as suitable dedicated circuits. Further, the modules 402, 404, 406, 408, 410, 412, 414, 416 and 418 can also be implemented using any number of dedicated circuits through functional combination or separation. In some embodiments, the modules 402, 404, 406, 408, 410, 412, 414, 416 and 418 may be even combined in a single application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). As an alternative software-based implementation, the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) may comprise a memory 134 ₂, a processor 132 ₂ (including but not limited to a microprocessor, a microcontroller or a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), etc.) and a transceiver 122 ₂. The memory 134 ₂ stores machine-readable program code executable by the processor 132 ₂ to cause the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) to perform the steps of the above-described method 300. It should be appreciated that the other RAN node 102 ₁ can also be configured in a similar manner as the RAN node 102 ₂ to perform method 300.

Referring to FIG. 5, there is a flowchart of a method 500 implemented in a wireless device 104 ₂ (for example) in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. At step 502, the wireless device 104 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of an access request message 204 (e.g., Small Data Request message 204) to the RAN node 102 ₂ (for example) (see FIG. 2's step 1 for additional details). The access request message 204 can comprise: (a) an indication of a number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) the wireless device 104 ₂ intends to transmit to the RAN node 102 ₂; and (b) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class estimated by the wireless device 104 ₂. The number of repetitions (N_(TX, UL)) of the access request message 204 is based on the UL coverage class.

At step 504, the wireless device 104 ₂ receives one or more repetitions of an uplink assignment message 206 from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 2 for additional details). The uplink assignment message 206 can comprise: (a) an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio blocks on a packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication (N_(TX, UL)) of an UL coverage class; and (c) an indication of a starting point of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to use to transmit a first data block 202 ₁ (for example) from the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) that the wireless device 104 ₂ intends to transmit to the RAN node 102 ₂; (d): an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class; and (e) an indication of starting points of the remaining pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to use to transmit the remaining data blocks 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) (for example) from the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) that the wireless device 104 ₂ intends to transmit to the RAN node 102 ₂. The number of repetitions of the uplink assignment message 206 is based on the DL coverage class. As discussed above, the pre-allocated radio blocks are allocated by the RAN node 102 ₂ such that (1) all repetitions of each of the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) are to be transmitted contiguously by the wireless device 104 ₂, and (2) the pre-allocated radio blocks are allocated such that each of the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) does not need to be transmitted contiguously with respect to one another by the wireless device 104 ₂.

At step 506, the wireless device 104 ₂ transmits the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) which were indicated in the access request message 204 to the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 3 for additional details—note: the wireless device 104 ₂ in this example transmits all of the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) and ideally the RAN node 102 ₂ would receive all of the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) but in this example the RAN node 102 ₂ does not receive data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀). The wireless device 104 ₂ transmits data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) in the pre-allocated radio blocks. Plus, each of the transmitted data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) would have been repeated a number of times (N_(TX, UL)) by the wireless device 104 ₂ according to the UL coverage class.

At step 508, the wireless device 104 ₂ receives one or more repetitions of a first acknowledgment message 208 (e.g., PUAN message 208) from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 4 for additional details). The first acknowledgment message 208 comprises: (a) a first bitmap indicating the portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) that have been received by the RAN node 102 ₂ and a remaining portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) that have not been received by the RAN node 102 ₂ (note: in this example the RAN node 102 ₂ did not receive data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀); (b) an indication of another number of pre-allocated radio blocks on the packet data traffic channel that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to use to transmit the remaining portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) which in this example are data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀; and (c) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of an DL coverage class. The number of repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 208 is based on the DL coverage class.

At step 510, the wireless device 104 ₂ transmits the remaining portion of the number of data block 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) which in this example are data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀ to the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 5 for additional details). The RAN node 102 ₂ would receive the remaining portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) in the pre-allocated radio blocks indicated by the first acknowledgement message 208. Plus, each of the received data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀ would have been repeated a number of times (N_(TX, UL)) by the wireless device 104 ₂ according to the UL coverage class.

At step 512, the wireless device 104 ₂ receives one or more repetitions of a second acknowledgment message 210 (e.g., PUAN message 210) from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 7 for additional details). The second acknowledgment message 210 comprises a second bitmap indicating that all of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) have been received by the RAN node 102 ₂ and a Final Ack Indicator (FAI) indicating completion of the uplink transmission. The number of repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 210 is based on the DL coverage class.

At step 514, the wireless device 104 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of a third acknowledgment message 212 (e.g., Packet Control Ack message 212) to the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 8 for additional details). The third acknowledgment message 212 comprises an indication that the second acknowledgment message 210 (e.g., PUAN message 210) has been received by the wireless device 104 ₂. The third acknowledgment message 212 is repeated a number of times (N_(TX, UL)) by the wireless device 104 ₂ according to the UL coverage class. The other wireless device 104 ₁, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n) can also be configured in a similar manner to perform method 500.

Referring to FIG. 6, there is a block diagram illustrating structures of an exemplary wireless device 104 ₂ (for example) configured in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. In one embodiment, the wireless device 104 ₂ may comprise a first transmit module 602, a first receive module 604, a second transmit module 606, a second receive module 608, a third transmit module 610, a third receive module 612, and fourth transmit module 614. The wireless device 104 ₂ may also include other components, modules or structures which are well-known, but for clarity, only the components, modules or structures needed to describe the features of the present disclosure are described herein.

The first transmit module 602 is configured to transmit one or more repetitions of an access request message 204 (e.g., Small Data Request message 204) to the RAN node 102 ₂ (for example) (see FIG. 2's step 1 for additional details). The access request message 204 can comprise: (a) an indication of a number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) the wireless device 104 ₂ intends to transmit to the RAN node 102 ₂; and (b) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class estimated by the wireless device 104 ₂. The number of repetitions of the access request message 204 is based on the UL coverage class.

The first receive module 604 is configured to receive one or more repetitions of an uplink assignment message 206 from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 2 for additional details). The uplink assignment message 206 can comprise: (a) an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio blocks on a packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication (N_(TX, UL)) of an UL coverage class; and (c) an indication of a starting point of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to use to transmit a first data block 202 ₁ (for example) from the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) that the wireless device 104 ₂ intends to transmit to the RAN node 102 ₂; (d): an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class; and (e) an indication of starting points of the remaining pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to use to transmit the remaining data blocks 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) (for example) from the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) that the wireless device 104 ₂ intends to transmit to the RAN node 102 ₂. The number of repetitions of the uplink assignment message 206 is based on the DL coverage class. As discussed above, the pre-allocated radio blocks are allocated by the RAN node 102 ₂ such that (1) all repetitions of each of the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) are to be transmitted contiguously by the wireless device 104 ₂, and (2) the pre-allocated radio blocks are allocated such that each of the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) does not need to be transmitted contiguously with respect to one another by the wireless device 104 ₂.

The second transmit module 606 is configured to transmit the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) which were indicated in the access request message 204 to the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 3 for additional details—note: the wireless device 104 ₂ in this example transmits all of the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) and ideally the RAN node 102 ₂ would receive all of the data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) but in this example the RAN node 102 ₂ does not receive data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀). The wireless device 104 ₂ transmits data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) in the pre-allocated radio blocks. Plus, each of the transmitted data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) would have been repeated a number of times (N_(TX, UL)) by the wireless device 104 ₂ according to the UL coverage class.

The second receive module 608 is configured to receive one or more repetitions of a first acknowledgment message 208 (e.g., PUAN message 208) from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 4 for additional details). The first acknowledgment message 208 comprises: (a) a first bitmap indicating the portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) that have been received by the RAN node 102 ₂ and a remaining portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) that have not been received by the RAN node 102 ₂ (note: in this example the RAN node 102 ₂ did not receive data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀); (b) an indication of another number of pre-allocated radio blocks on the packet data traffic channel that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to use to transmit the remaining portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) which in this example are data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀; and (c) an indication of an DL coverage class (N_(TX, DL)). The number of repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 208 is based on the DL coverage class.

The third transmit module 610 is configured to transmit the remaining portion of the number of data block 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) which in this example are data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀ to the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 5 for additional details). The RAN node 102 ₂ would receive the remaining portion of the number of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) in the pre-allocated radio blocks indicated by the first acknowledgement message 208. Plus, each of the received data blocks 202 ₃, 202 ₅ and 202 ₁₀ would have been repeated a number of times (N_(TX, UL)) by the wireless device 104 ₂ according to the UL coverage class.

The third receive module 612 is configured to receive receives one or more repetitions of a second acknowledgment message 210 (e.g., PUAN message 210) from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 7 for additional details). The second acknowledgment message 210 comprises a second bitmap indicating that all of data blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) have been received by the RAN node 102 ₂ and a Final Ack Indicator (FAI) indicating completion of the uplink transmission. The number of repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 210 is based on the DL coverage class.

The fourth transmit module 614 is configured to transmit one or more repetitions of a third acknowledgment message 212 (e.g., Packet Control Ack message 212) to the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 2's step 8 for additional details). The third acknowledgment message 212 comprises an indication that the second acknowledgment message 210 (e.g., PUAN message 210) has been received by the wireless device 104 ₂. The third acknowledgment message 212 is repeated a number of times (N_(TX, UL)) by the wireless device 104 ₂ according to the UL coverage class.

As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the above-described modules 602, 604, 606, 608, 610, 612, and 614 of the wireless device 104 ₂ (e.g., MS 104 ₂) may be implemented separately as suitable dedicated circuits. Further, the modules 602, 604, 606, 608, 610, 612, and 614 can also be implemented using any number of dedicated circuits through functional combination or separation. In some embodiments, the modules 602, 604, 606, 608, 610, 612, and 614 may be even combined in a single application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). As an alternative software-based implementation, the wireless device 104 ₂ may comprise a memory 120 ₂, a processor 118 ₂ (including but not limited to a microprocessor, a microcontroller or a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), etc.) and a transceiver 110 ₂. The memory 120 ₂ stores machine-readable program code executable by the processor 118 ₂ to cause the wireless device 104 ₂ to perform the steps of the above-described method 500. It should be appreciated that the other wireless devices 104 ₁, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n) can also be configured in a similar manner as the wireless device 104 ₂ to perform method 500.

Flexible Downlink Allocation Technique

The Flexible Downlink Allocation (FDA) technique is used on the downlink of an EC-PDTCH when the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) transmits to the wireless device 104 ₂ (for example) a Downlink Assignment message 718 that indicates the earliest possible starting point at which the wireless device 104 ₂ is to start looking for the possible arrival of DL RLC data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(x) (downlink payload) on DL EC-PDTCH resources that have been assigned to the wireless device 104 ₂, as briefly described below and then described in more detail with respect to FIGS. 7-16.

-   -   A feature of the FDA technique is that the wireless device 104 ₂         is told to expect, in the downlink assignment message 718 (e.g.,         EC-AGCH Resource Assignment message 718), a variable number of         DL RLC data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(x) over up to         4 timeslots, where each RLC data block 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . .         702 _(x) is repeated according to a value for NTX, DL indicated         by the downlink assignment message 718.     -   The RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) transmits all repetitions         of a specific RLC data block 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(x)         contiguously but does not need to transmit each of the RLC data         blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(x) contiguous to each         other. As such, the wireless device 104 ₂ will not know the         precise starting point of any of the RLC data blocks 702 ₁, 702         ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(x) after receiving the downlink assignment         message 718 (other than knowing that the RLC data blocks 702 ₁,         702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(x) will be transmitted according to the         wireless device 104 ₂'s N_(TX, DL)) but will know that each RLC         data block 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(x) will be sent by         the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) using contiguous radio         blocks.     -   The point at which the wireless device 104 ₂ stops attempting to         receive RLC data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(X) is         determined according to when the wireless device 104 ₂ is polled         to send a Packet Downlink Ack/Nack (PDAN) message 720 on the UL         EC-PACCH. In other words, the number of additional RLC data         blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(X) that the wireless         device 104 ₂ receives after receiving the first RLC data block         702 ₁ (for example) is variable, but any additional RLC data         blocks 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(X) need to arrive prior to when         the wireless device 104 ₂ is polled to send the PDAN message 720         (i.e., the wireless device 104 ₂ will not look for additional DL         RLC data blocks 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(X) while completing the         transmission of the PDAN message 720).     -   When searching for the first radio block used to send any given         RLC data block 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(X), the wireless         device 104 ₂ examines fixed sets of EC-PDTCH blocks based on         N_(TX, DL). For example, if the wireless device 104 ₂ uses         N_(TX, DL)=2 (i.e., 2 blind repetitions) then it will only look         at fixed pairs of EC-PDTCH blocks in an attempt to receive a RLC         data block 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(X). As such, the         wireless device 104 ₂ will view each 52-multiframe on a         monitored TS as potentially containing 6 pairs of EC-PDTCH         blocks, where any one of these pairs may potentially contain an         expected RLC data block 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(X).

One exemplary sequence of signaling steps associated with the FDA technique is illustrated in FIG. 7 and described in detail below with respect to a scenario where the RAN node 102 ₂ has small data transmissions to transmit to the wireless device 104 ₂ (e.g., IoT device 104 ₂) which has an uplink coverage class needing N_(TX, UL) repetitions, and a downlink coverage class needing N_(TX, DL) repetitions. The exemplary signaling steps associated with the wireless device 104 ₂ receiving small data transmissions from the RAN node 102 ₂ are as follows:

Step 1: The CN node 107 (e.g., SGSN 107) receives some downlink payload 716 (e.g., an IP packet) for the wireless device 104 ₂ and acts on the payload 716 by transmitting to the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) a Paging Request message 704 indicating the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI), the extended discontinuous receive (eDRX) cycle length, and the N_(TX, DL) of the wireless device 104 ₂, where the indicated N_(TX, DL) is based on the DL coverage class last indicated by the wireless device 104 ₂ (e.g., within a Routing Area Update (RAU) Request message).

Step 2: The RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) transmits one or more repetitions of a Page message 706 on the EC-Paging Channel (PCH) to the wireless device 104 ₂ using the nominal paging group of the wireless device 104 ₂. The RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) can determine the nominal paging group of the wireless device 104 ₂ using the IMSI, the eDRX cycle length, the number of EC-PCH blocks per 51-multiframe, and the N_(TX, DL) of the wireless device 104 ₂ as follows:

-   -   Each eDRX cycle consists of Y 51-multiframes subject to the         restriction that each eDRX cycle needs to occur an integral         number of times within the overall Time Division Multiple Access         (TDMA) Frame Number (FN) space.     -   The number of paging groups per eDRX cycle is determined on a         coverage class basis, where the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂)         first determines the nominal paging group of the wireless device         104 ₂ assuming N_(TX, DL)=1, which effectively determines a         window of four 51-multiframes in which the wireless device 104 ₂         will wake-up to attempt to read according to its actual nominal         paging group.     -   The specific EC-PCH blocks that the wireless device 104 ₂         considers to be its nominal paging group within the four         51-multiframe window is determined based on the DL coverage         class last indicated by the wireless device 104 ₂.

Step 3: The wireless device 104 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of an access request message 708 on the EC-RACH to the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂). The access request message 708 is requesting resources for sending a Page Response message 712 (see step 5). The number of repetitions used to transmit the access request message 708 is based on the wireless device 104 ₂'s estimated UL coverage class N_(TX, UL) (a single repetition is always used by the wireless device 104 ₂ when in normal coverage). The access request message 708 can be configured as follows:

-   -   The information the wireless device 104 ₂ can include within the         access request message 708 is indicated by TABLE #2 and         discussed in more detail next:     -   An indication of whether or not the wireless device 104 ₂         supports MCS-5 through MCS-9 is indicted by the TSC used when         transmitting the access request message 708 as per legacy         operation.     -   The access request message 708 that is transmitted on the         EC-RACH includes an indication of the DL coverage class         estimated by the wireless device 104 ₂.     -   System Information (SI) sent on TS1 indicates that if a wireless         device 104 ₂ (for example) is in normal coverage         (N_(TX, UL)=N_(TX, DL)=1) then it is to perform a system access         using the RACH of TS0 or the RACH of TS1. Note: the System         Information could be transmitted by the RAN node 102 ₂ before         the RAN node 102 ₂ transmits the Page message 706.

TABLE #2 Content of Access Request Message 708 Number of DL Type of MCS-1 Coded Spare Random Coverage Device Access Blocks Bit Bits Class Identity Request (4 bits) (1 bit) (3 bits) (3 bits) (32 bits) AB on TS0 Yes (0000 = page Yes Yes No¹ No response request) AB on TS1 Yes (0000 = page Yes Yes Yes No response request) NB on TS0 Yes No No No¹ Yes NB on TS1 Yes No No Yes Yes NOTE: ¹Not needed since the access is always when in normal coverage on UL and DL

Step 4: The RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) transmits one or more repetitions of an Uplink Assignment message 710 on the EC-AGCH to the wireless device 104 ₂. The number of repetitions used by RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) when transmitting the Uplink Assignment message 710 is indicated by the NTX, DL value included in the Paging Request message 704. The Uplink Assignment message 710 includes the same assignment information as per the Uplink Assignment message 206 as described above with respect to FIG. 2's Step 2 of the Fixed Uplink Allocation technique but for the case where X=1.

Step 5: Similar to FIG. 2's Step 3 of the Fixed Uplink Allocation technique, a HARQ scheme is used by the wireless device 104 ₂ for transmitting to the RAN node 102 ₂ the uplink payload (e.g., a Page Response message 712 consisting of a dummy LLC PDU) using the N_(TX, UL) pre-allocated UL radio blocks, wherein, after transmitting the uplink payload (Page Response 712) the wireless device 104 ₂ waits for a corresponding PUAN message 714.

Step 6: The RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) transmits the PUAN message 714 after attempting to receive the NTX, UL pre-allocated UL radio blocks (Page Response 712) from the wireless device 104 ₂. After transmitting the Page Response 712, the wireless device 104 ₂ attempts to receive the PUAN message 714 starting within the first possible set of EC-PACCH blocks corresponding to the wireless device 104 ₂'s assigned DL coverage class, as per FIG. 2's Step 4 of the Fixed Uplink Allocation technique and discussed next:

-   -   After receiving the PUAN message 714, the wireless device 104 ₂         releases the UL emporary Block Flow (TBF) resources, moves to         the EC-Idle state, where the wireless device 104 ₂ then monitors         the EC-AGCH using a short DRX cycle (e.g., as per legacy) in         expectation of a DL TBF resource assignment message 718.     -   Alternatively, the PUAN message 714 can include a DL TBF         resource assignment message 715, and an indicationwhere the         wireless device 104 ₂ is to start looking for RLC data blocks         702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(X) thereon according to a DRX         cycle after first waiting a certain time period (e.g., as         indicated by the information within the PUAN message 714). This         technique will save the wireless device 104 ₂ from having to         receive an additional EC-AGCH message 718. This technique is         discussed in detail below with respect to FIGS. 12-16.

Step 7: The RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) transmits a Paging Response message 713 (e.g., a dummy LLC PDU) to the CN node 107 (e.g., SGSN 107).

Step 8: The CN node 107 (e.g., SGSN 107) transmits a PDU including the pending downlink user plane payload 716 to the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) from which the CN node 107 (e.g., SGSN 107) received the Paging Response message 713.

Step 9: The RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) disassembles the PDU including the pending downlink user plane payload 716 into one or more RLC data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(X) appropriate for transmitting to the wireless device 104 ₂ over the radio interface.

Step 10: The RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) transmits one or more repetitions of a Downlink Assignment message 718 on the EC-AGCH to the wireless device 104 ₂. The number of repetitions of the Downlink Assignment message 718 is determined by using the downlink coverage class N_(TX, DL) that was last received by the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂). The Downlink Assignment message 718 has the following features:

-   -   The Downlink Assignment message 718 indicates the assigned DL         EC-PDTCH resources (e.g., timeslots), an optional indication of         when the wireless device 104 ₂ is to start looking for the first         of the DL RLC data blocks 702 ₁ (e.g., expressed as an offset         relative to where the Downlink Assignment message 718 is         received), the UL coverage class N_(TX, UL) to be used, and the         DL coverage class N_(TX, DL) to be used over the set of assigned         timeslots.

Step 11: A HARQ scheme is used by the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) for transmitting to the wireless device 104 ₂ the downlink payload 716 (RLC data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(X)). The wireless device 104 ₂ may be polled for a PDAN message 720 within one or more of the variable number of RLC data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(X) transmitted to the wireless device 104 ₂ prior to the point in time where the PDAN message 720 is to be transmitted. The following is a discussion about how the wireless device 104 ₂ can function to receive the RLC data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(X):

-   -   When attempting to find a DL RLC data block 702 ₁ (for example),         the wireless device 104 ₂ examines fixed sets of EC-PDTCH blocks         based on the wireless device 104 ₂'s coverage class. For         example, if the wireless device 104 ₂ uses N_(TX, DL)=2 (i.e., 2         blind repetitions) then it will only look at fixed pairs of         EC-PDTCH blocks in an attempt to receive a RLC data block 702 ₁         (for example) addressed to the wireless device 104 ₂'s assigned         TFI on the wireless device 104 ₂'s assigned timeslots. As such,         the wireless device 104 ₂ will view each 52-multiframe on a         monitored TS as potentially containing 6 pairs of EC-PDTCH         blocks, where any one of these pairs may potentially contain an         expected RLC data block 702 ₁.     -   If the RLC data block 702 ₁ is not received within a set of         applicable EC-PDTCH blocks, then the wireless device 104 ₂         continues to read additional sets of EC-PDTCH blocks applicable         to the wireless device 104 ₂'s downlink coverage class.     -   For example, if the downlink payload 716 transmission consists         of 5 MCS-1 RLC data blocks (X=5) and the N_(TX, DL) indicates 8         repetitions are needed, then a total of 40 radio blocks         (X*N_(TX, DL)) need to be transmitted. These 40 radio blocks         will be transmitted using 5 instances of 8 contiguous radio         blocks over the set of assigned timeslots. The time period         between the transmissions of any two successive RLC data blocks         (i.e., between instances of 8 contiguous radio blocks) is         variable, although the Downlink Assignment message 718 may         optionally indicate what this time period is in the interest of         the wireless device 104 ₂'s battery conservation.     -   The polling may be performed by including a polling field within         a set of one or more RLC data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . .         702 _(X), where the polling field in each RLC data block 702 ₁,         702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(X) indicates the same point in time at         which the wireless device 104 ₂ is to transmit a PDAN message         720 on the UL EC-PACCH to the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂).

Step 12: The PDAN message 720 is transmitted by the wireless device 104 ₂ on the UL EC-PACCH to the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂), wherein the location of the first pre-allocated UL EC-PACCH block used to transmit the PDAN message 720 is indicated by the polling information included in one or more of the RLC data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(X) transmitted to the wireless device 104 ₂. The following is a more detailed discussion about the transmission and reception of the PDAN message 720:

-   -   The location of the first UL EC-PACCH block used to transmit the         PDAN message 720 may be expressed as an offset relative to DL         RLC data block 702 ₁ (for example) from which the polling         information was read.     -   Alternatively, if the downlink assignment information indicates         that a specific number of DL RLC data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃         . . . 702 _(x) will be transmitted contiguously prior to         polling, then upon receiving the last DL radio block 702 _(x)         used to convey the DL RLC data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . .         702 _(x), the wireless device 104 ₂ can transmit the PDAN         message 720 using an offset (e.g., fixed or indicated by the         downlink assignment message 718) from the last DL radio block         702 _(x) to determine where to start transmitting the PDAN         message 720. This same principle can be used where the wireless         device 104 ₂ has sent a PDAN message 720 indicating that one or         more DL RLC data blocks 702 ₂ (for example) need to be resent         (i.e., the wireless device 104 ₂ will expect all resent DL RLC         data blocks 702 ₂ (for example) to be transmitted contiguously         and thereby determine where to transmit the corresponding PDAN         message 720).     -   N_(TX, UL) contiguous radio blocks are pre-allocated for         transmission of the PDAN message 720.     -   If the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) does not receive the         PDAN message 720 within the pre-allocated UL radio blocks, then         the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) may resend a DL RLC data         block 702 ₁ (for example) including polling information (a         repeated poll).     -   As such, after the wireless device 104 ₂ receives a DL RLC data         block 702 _(X) (for example) including polling information and         transmits the corresponding PDAN message indicating all DL RLC         data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂, 702 ₃ . . . 702 _(X) have been         received, the wireless device 104 ₂ should wait a limited amount         of time (e.g., indicated by the assignment message 718) and then         start looking for the possible reception of a previously         received DL RLC data block 702 ₁ (for example) including polling         information. This allows for the case where the RAN node 102 ₂         does not receive the PDAN message 720 sent by the wireless         device 104 ₂ in response to the repeated poll.     -   If the wireless device 104 ₂ is polled again within this limited         time window, the wireless device 104 ₂ should transmit another         PDAN message 720 using the specific set of pre-allocated         N_(TX, UL) radio blocks as indicated by the repeated poll.         Otherwise, the wireless device 104 ₂ should release the DL TBF         and enter the EC-Idle state.     -   When transmitting the PDAN message 720 indicating that one or         more DL RLC data blocks 702 ₂ (for example) have not been         received, the wireless device 104 ₂ should continue to monitor         the assigned DL PDTCH resources for reception of the missing RLC         data blocks 702 ₂ (for example) and then proceed, as per Step         11.

Referring to FIG. 8, there is a flowchart of a method 800 implemented in a RAN node 102 ₂ (for example) in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. At step 802, the RAN node 102 ₂ receives the paging request message 704 from the CN node 107. The paging request message 704 is associated with the wireless device 104 ₂ (for example) (see FIG. 7's step 1 for additional details).

At step 804, the RAN node 102 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of the page message 706 to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 2 for additional details). The number of repetitions of the page message 706 is based on the DL coverage class N_(TX, DL).

At step 806, the RAN node 102 ₂ receives one or more repetitions of the access request message 708 from the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 3 for additional details). The access request message 708 requests resources for sending a Page Response message 712 and includes an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class. The number of repetitions (N_(TX, UL)) of the access request message 708 is based on the UL coverage class.

At step 808, the RAN node 102 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of the uplink assignment message 710 to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 4 for additional details). The uplink assignment message 710 can comprise: (a) an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio block(s) on a packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication (N_(TX, UL)) of an UL coverage class; (c) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class; and (d) an indication of when the wireless device 104 ₂ is to start looking for a first data block 702 ₁ (for example) from the RAN node 102 ₂. The number of repetitions of the uplink assignment message 710 is based on the DL coverage class.

At step 810, the RAN node 102 ₂ receives one or more repetitions of the page response message 712 from the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 5 for additional details). The page response message 712 can comprise: uplink payload (e.g., a dummy LLC PDU), where the uplink payload is received in the pre-allocated radio block(s). The page response message 712 is repeated according to the UL coverage class.

At step 812, the RAN node 102 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 714 (e.g., PUAN message 714) to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 6 for additional details). The first acknowledgment message 714 can comprise: a first bitmap indicating receipt of the page response message 712 by the RAN node 102 ₂ and a Final Ack Indicator (FAI) indicating completion of the uplink transmission. The number of repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 714 is based on the DL coverage class.

At step 814, the RAN node 102 ₂ transmits the paging response message 713 to the CN node 107 (see FIG. 7's step 7 for additional details).

At step 816, the RAN node 102 ₂ receives a PDU including the downlink payload 716 from the CN node 107 (see FIG. 7's step 8 for additional details).

At step 818, the RAN node 102 ₂ disassembles the PDU including the downlink payload 716 into one or more data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(x) appropriate for transmission to the wireless device 104 ₂ over the radio interface (see FIG. 7's step 9 for additional details).

At step 820, the RAN node 102 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of the downlink assignment message 718 to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 10 for additional details). The downlink assignment message 718 can comprise: (a) an indication of assigned DL resources on the packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class; and (c) an indication of when the wireless device 104 ₂ is to start looking for a first data block 702 ₁ (for example) from the RAN node 102 ₂. The number of repetitions of the downlink assignment message 718 is based on the DL coverage class.

At step 822, the RAN node 102 ₂ transmits to the wireless device 104 ₂ one or more repetitions of each of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) using the assigned DL resources (see FIG. 7's step 11 for additional details). The number of repetitions of each of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) is based on the DL coverage class. Further, all repetitions of each of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) are transmitted contiguously to the wireless device 104 ₂, and each of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) does not need to be transmitted contiguously with respect to one another to the wireless device 104 ₂.

At step 824, the RAN node 102 ₂ receives one or more repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 720 (e.g., PDAN message 720) from the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 12 for additional details). The second acknowledgment message 720 comprises: a second bitmap indicating receipt of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) by the wireless device 104 ₂. The number of repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 720 is based on the UL coverage class. The other RAN node 102 ₁ can also be configured in a similar manner to perform method 800.

Referring to FIG. 9, there is a block diagram illustrating structures of an exemplary RAN node 102 ₂ (for example) configured in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. In one embodiment, the RAN node 102 ₂ may comprise a first receive module 902, a first transmit module 904, a second receive module 906, a second transmit module 908, a third receive module 910, a third transmit module 912, a fourth transmit module 914, a fourth receive module 916, a disassemble module 918, a fifth transmit module 920, a sixth transmit module 922, and a fifth receive module 924. The RAN node 102 ₂ may also include other components, modules or structures which are well-known, but for clarity, only the components, modules or structures needed to describe the features of the present disclosure are described herein.

The first receive module 902 can be configured to receive the paging request message 704 from the CN node 107. The paging request message 704 is associated with the wireless device 104 ₂ (for example) (see FIG. 7's step 1 for additional details).

The first transmit module 904 can be configured to transmit one or more repetitions of the page message 706 to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 2 for additional details). The number of repetitions (N_(TX, UL)) of the page message 706 is based on the DL coverage class.

The second receive module 906 can be configured to receive one or more repetitions of the access request message 708 from the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 3 for additional details). The access request message 708 requests resources for sending a Page Response message 712 and includes an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class. The number of repetitions (N_(TX, UL)) of the access request message 708 is based on the UL coverage class.

The second transmit module 908 can be configured to transmit one or more repetitions of the uplink assignment message 710 to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 4 for additional details). The uplink assignment message 710 can comprise: (a) an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio block(s) on a packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication (N_(TX, UL)) of an UL coverage class; (c) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class; and (d) an indication of when the wireless device 104 ₂ is to start looking for a first data block 702 ₁ (for example) from the RAN node 102 ₂. The number of repetitions of the uplink assignment message 710 is based on the DL coverage class.

The third receive module 910 can be configured to receive one or more repetitions of the page response message 712 from the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 5 for additional details). The page response message 712 can comprise: uplink payload (e.g., a dummy LLC PDU), where the uplink payload is received in the pre-allocated radio block(s). The page response message 712 is repeated according to the UL coverage class.

The third transmit module 912 can be configured to transmit one or more repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 714 (e.g., PUAN message 714) to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 6 for additional details). The first acknowledgment message 714 can comprise: a first bitmap indicating receipt of the page response message 712 by the RAN node 102 ₂ and a Final Ack Indicator (FAI) indicating completion of the uplink transmission. The number of repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 714 is based on the DL coverage class.

The fourth transmit module 914 can be configured to transmit the paging response message 713 to the CN node 107 (see FIG. 7's step 7 for additional details).

The fourth receive module 916 can be configured to receive a PDU including the downlink payload 716 from the CN node 107 (see FIG. 7's step 8 for additional details).

The disassemble module 918 can be configured to disassemble the PDU including the downlink payload 716 into one or more data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(x) appropriate for transmission to the wireless device 104 ₂ over the radio interface (see FIG. 7's step 9 for additional details).

The fifth transmit module 920 can be configured to transmit one or more repetitions of the downlink assignment message 718 to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 10 for additional details). The downlink assignment message 718 can comprise: (a) an indication of assigned DL resources on the packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class; and (c) an indication of when the wireless device 104 ₂ is to start looking for a first data block 702 ₁ (for example) from the RAN node 102 ₂. The number of repetitions of the downlink assignment message 718 is based on the DL coverage class.

The sixth transmit module 922 can be configured to transmit to the wireless device 104 ₂ one or more repetitions of each of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) using the assigned DL resources (see FIG. 7's step 11 for additional details). The number of repetitions of each of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) is based on the DL coverage class. Further, all repetitions of each of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) are transmitted contiguously to the wireless device 104 ₂, and each of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) does not need to be transmitted contiguously with respect to one another to the wireless device 104 ₂.

The fifth receive module 924 can be configured to receive one or more repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 720 (e.g., PDAN message 720) from the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 12 for additional details). The second acknowledgment message 720 comprises: a second bitmap indicating receipt of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) by the wireless device 104 ₂. The number of repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 720 is based on the UL coverage class. The other RAN node 102 ₁ can also be configured in a similar manner to perform method 800.

As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the above-described modules 902, 904, 906, 908, 910, 912, 914, 916, 918, 920, 922 and 924 of the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) may be implemented separately as suitable dedicated circuits. Further, the modules 902, 904, 906, 908, 910, 912, 914, 916, 918, 920, 922 and 924 can also be implemented using any number of dedicated circuits through functional combination or separation. In some embodiments, the modules 902, 904, 906, 908, 910, 912, 914, 916, 918, 920, 922 and 924 may be even combined in a single application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). As an alternative software-based implementation, the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) may comprise a memory 134 ₂, a processor 132 ₂ (including but not limited to a microprocessor, a microcontroller or a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), etc.) and a transceiver 122 ₂. The memory 134 ₂ stores machine-readable program code executable by the processor 132 ₂ to cause the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) to perform the steps of the above-described method 800. It should be appreciated that the other RAN node 102 ₁ can also be configured in a similar manner as the RAN node 102 ₂ to perform method 800.

Referring to FIG. 10, there is a flowchart of a method 1000 implemented in a wireless device 104 ₂ (for example) in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. At step 1002, the wireless device 104 ₂ receives one or more repetitions of the page message 706 from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 2 for additional details). The number of repetitions of the page message 706 is based on the DL coverage class N_(TX, DL).

At step 1004, the wireless device 104 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of the access request message 708 to the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 3 for additional details). The access request message 708 requests resources for sending a Page Response message 712 and includes an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class. The number of repetitions of the access request message 708 is based on the UL coverage class.

At step 1006, the wireless device 104 ₂ receives one or more repetitions of the uplink assignment message 710 from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 4 for additional details). The uplink assignment message 710 can comprise: (a) an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio block(s) on a packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication (N_(TX, UL)) of an UL coverage class; (c) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class; and (d) an indication of a starting point of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to use to transmit the page response message 712 to the RAN node 102 ₂. The number of repetitions of the uplink assignment message 710 is based on the DL coverage class.

At step 1008, the wireless device 104 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of the page response message 712 to the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 5 for additional details). The page response message 712 can comprise: uplink payload (e.g., a dummy LLC PDU), where the uplink payload is transmitted in the pre-allocated radio block(s). The page response message 712 is repeated according to the UL coverage class.

At step 1010, the wireless device 104 ₂ receives one or more repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 714 (e.g., PUAN message 714) from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 6 for additional details). The first acknowledgment message 714 can comprise: a first bitmap indicating receipt of the page response message 712 by the RAN node 102 ₂. The number of repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 714 is based on the DL coverage class.

At step 1012, the wireless device 104 ₂ receives one or more repetitions of the downlink assignment message 718 from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 10 for additional details). The downlink assignment message 718 can comprise: (a) an indication of assigned DL resources on the packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class; and (c) an indication of when the wireless device 104 ₂ is to start looking for a first data block 702 ₁ (for example) from the RAN node 102 ₂. The number of repetitions of the downlink assignment message 718 is based on the DL coverage class.

At step 1014, the wireless device 104 ₂ receives from the RAN node 102 ₂ one or more repetitions of each of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) using the assigned DL resources (see FIG. 7's step 11 for additional details). The number of repetitions of each of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) is based on the DL coverage class. Further, all repetitions of each of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) are received contiguously by the wireless device 104 ₂, and each of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) does not need to be received contiguously with respect to one another at the wireless device 104 ₂.

At step 1016, the wireless device 104 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 720 (e.g., PDAN message 720) to the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 12 for additional details). The second acknowledgment message 720 comprises: a second bitmap indicating receipt of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) by the wireless device 104 ₂. The number of repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 720 is based on the UL coverage class. The other wireless devices 104 ₁, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n) can also be configured in a similar manner to perform method 1000.

Referring to FIG. 11, there is a block diagram illustrating structures of an exemplary wireless device 104 ₂ (for example) configured in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. In one embodiment, the wireless device 104 ₂ may comprise a first receive module 110 ₂, a first transmit module 1104, a second receive module 1106, a second transmit module 1108, a third receive module 1110, a fourth receive module 1112, a fifth receive module 1114, and a third transmit module 1116. The wireless device 104 ₂ may also include other components, modules or structures which are well-known, but for clarity, only the components, modules or structures needed to describe the features of the present disclosure are described herein.

The first receive module 1102 can be configured to receive one or more repetitions of the page message 706 from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 2 for additional details). The number of repetitions of the page message 706 is based on the DL coverage class.

The first transmit module 1104 can be configured to transmit one or more repetitions of the access request message 708 to the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 3 for additional details). The access request message 708 requests resources for sending a Page Response message 712 and includes an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class. The number of repetitions of the access request message 708 is based on the UL coverage class.

The second receive module 1106 can be configured to receive one or more repetitions of the uplink assignment message 710 from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 4 for additional details). The uplink assignment message 710 can comprise: (a) an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio block(s) on a packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication (N_(TX, UL)) of an UL coverage class; (c) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class; and (d) an indication of a starting point of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to use to transmit the page response message 712 to the RAN node 102 ₂. The number of repetitions of the uplink assignment message 710 is based on the DL coverage class.

The second transmit module 1108 can be configured to transmit one or more repetitions of the page response message 712 to the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 5 for additional details). The page response message 712 can comprise: uplink payload (e.g., a dummy LLC PDU), where the uplink payload is transmitted in the pre-allocated radio block(s). The page response message 712 is repeated according to the UL coverage class.

The third receive module 1110 can be configured to receive one or more repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 714 (e.g., PUAN message 714) from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 6 for additional details). The first acknowledgment message 714 can comprise: a first bitmap indicating receipt of the page response message 712 by the RAN node 102 ₂. The number of repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 714 is based on the DL coverage class.

The fourth receive module 1112 can be configured to receive one or more repetitions of the downlink assignment message 718 from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 10 for additional details). The downlink assignment message 718 can comprise: (a) an indication of assigned DL resources on the packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class; and (c) an indication of when the wireless device 104 ₂ is to start looking for a first data block 702 ₁ (for example) from the RAN node 102 ₂. The number of repetitions of the downlink assignment message 718 is based on the DL coverage class.

The fifth receive module 1114 can be configured to receive from the RAN node 102 ₂ one or more repetitions of each of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) using the assigned DL resources (see FIG. 7's step 11 for additional details). The number of repetitions of each of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) is based on the DL coverage class. Further, all repetitions of each of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) are received contiguously by the wireless device 104 ₂, and each of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) does not need to be received contiguously with respect to one another at the wireless device 104 ₂.

The third transmit module 1116 can be configured to transmit one or more repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 720 (e.g., PDAN message 720) to the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 7's step 12 for additional details). The second acknowledgment message 720 comprises: a second bitmap indicating receipt of the data blocks 702 ₁, 702 ₂ . . . 702 _(X) by the wireless device 104 ₂. The number of repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 720 is based on the UL coverage class. The other wireless devices 104 ₁, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n) can also be configured in a similar manner to perform method 1000.

As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the above-described modules 1102, 1104, 1106, 1108, 1110, 1112, 1114, and 1116 of the wireless device 104 ₂ (e.g., MS 104 ₂) may be implemented separately as suitable dedicated circuits. Further, the modules 1102, 1104, 1106, 1108, 1110, 1112, 1114, and 1116 can also be implemented using any number of dedicated circuits through functional combination or separation. In some embodiments, the modules 1102, 1104, 1106, 1108, 1110, 1112, 1114, and 1116 may be even combined in a single application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). As an alternative software-based implementation, the wireless device 104 ₂ may comprise a memory 120 ₂, a processor 118 ₂ (including but not limited to a microprocessor, a microcontroller or a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), etc.) and a transceiver 110 ₂. The memory 120 ₂ stores machine-readable program code executable by the processor 118 ₂ to cause the wireless device 104 ₂ to perform the steps of the above-described method 1000. It should be appreciated that the other wireless devices 104 ₁, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n) can also be configured in a similar manner as the wireless device 104 ₂ to perform method 1000.

Another exemplary sequence of signaling steps associated with the FDA technique is illustrated in FIG. 12 and described in detail below with respect to another scenario where the RAN node 102 ₂ has small data transmissions to transmit to the wireless device 104 ₂ (e.g., IoT device 104 ₂) which has an uplink coverage class needing N_(TX, UL) repetitions, and a downlink coverage class needing N_(TX, DL) repetitions. The exemplary signaling steps associated with the wireless device 104 ₂ receiving small data transmissions from the RAN node 102 ₂ are as follows:

Step 1: The CN node 107 (e.g., SGSN 107) receives some downlink payload 1216 (e.g., an IP packet) for the wireless device 104 ₂ and acts on the payload 1216 by transmitting to the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) a Paging Request message 1204 indicating the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI), the extended discontinuous receive (eDRX) cycle length, and the N_(TX, DL) of the wireless device 104 ₂, where the indicated N_(TX, DL) is based on the DL coverage class last indicated by the wireless device 104 ₂ (e.g., within a Routing Area Update (RAU) Request message).

Step 2: The RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) transmits one or more repetitions of a Page message 1206 on the EC-Paging Channel (PCH) to the wireless device 104 ₂ using the nominal paging group of the wireless device 104 ₂. The RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) can determine the nominal paging group of the wireless device 104 ₂ using the IMSI, the eDRX cycle length, the number of EC-PCH blocks per 51-multiframe, and the N_(TX, DL) of the wireless device 104 ₂ as follows:

-   -   Each eDRX cycle consists of Y 51-multiframes subject to the         restriction that each eDRX cycle needs to occur an integral         number of times within the overall Time Division Multiple Access         (TDMA) Frame Number (FN) space.     -   The number of paging groups per eDRX cycle is determined on a         coverage class basis, where the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂)         first determines the nominal paging group of the wireless device         104 ₂ assuming N_(TX, DL)=1, which effectively determines a         window of four 51-multiframes in which the wireless device 104 ₂         will wake-up to attempt to read according to its actual nominal         paging group.     -   The specific EC-PCH blocks that the wireless device 104 ₂         considers to be its nominal paging group within the four         51-multiframe window is determined based on the DL coverage         class last indicated by the wireless device 104 ₂.

Step 3: The wireless device 104 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of an access request message 1208 on the EC-RACH to the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂). The access request message 1208 is requesting resources for sending a Page Response message 1212 (see step 5). The number of repetitions used to transmit the access request message 1208 is based on the wireless device 104 ₂'s estimated UL coverage class N_(TX, UL) (a single repetition is always used by the wireless device 104 ₂ when in normal coverage). The access request message 1208 can be configured as follows

-   -   The information the wireless device 104 ₂ can include within the         access request message 1208 is indicated by TABLE #2 and         discussed in more detail next:     -   An indication of whether or not the wireless device 104 ₂         supports MCS-5 through MCS-9 is indicted by the TSC used when         transmitting the access request message 1208 as per legacy         operation.     -   The access request message 1208 that is transmitted on the         EC-RACH includes an indication of the DL coverage class         estimated by the wireless device 104 ₂.     -   System Information (SI) sent on TS1 indicates that if a wireless         device 104 ₂ (for example) is in normal coverage         (N_(TX, UL)=N_(TX, DL)=1) then it is to perform a system access         using the RACH of TS0 or the RACH of TS1. Note: the System         Information could be transmitted by the RAN node 102 ₂ before         the RAN node 102 ₂ transmits the Page message 1206.

TABLE #3 Content of Access Request Message 1208 Type of Number of Spare Random DL Device Access MCS-1 Coded Bit Bits Coverage Identity Request Blocks (4 bits) (1 bit) (3 bits) Class (3 bits) (32 bits) AB on TS0 Yes (0000 = page Yes Yes No¹ No response request) AB on TS1 Yes (0000 = page Yes Yes Yes No response request) NB on TS0 Yes No No No¹ Yes NB on TS1 Yes No No Yes Yes NOTE: ¹Not needed since the access is always when in normal coverage on UL and DL

Step 4: The RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) transmits one or more repetitions of an Uplink Assignment message 1210 on the EC-AGCH to the wireless device 104 ₂. The number of repetitions used by RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) when transmitting the Uplink Assignment message 1210 is indicated by the N_(TX, DL) value included in the Page Response Request message 1208. The Uplink Assignment message 1210 includes the same assignment information as per the Uplink Assignment message 206 as described above with respect to FIG. 2's Step 2 of the Fixed Uplink Allocation technique but for the case where X=1.

Step 5: Similar to FIG. 2's Step 3 of the Fixed Uplink Allocation technique, a HARQ scheme is used by the wireless device 104 ₂ for transmitting to the RAN node 102 ₂ the uplink payload (e.g., a Page Response 1212 consisting of a dummy LLC PDU) using the N_(TX, UL) pre-allocated UL radio blocks, wherein, after transmitting the uplink payload (Page Response 1212) the wireless device 104 ₂ waits for a corresponding PUAN message 1214.

Step 6: The RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) transmits the PUAN message 1214 to the wireless device 104 ₂ after attempting to receive the N_(TX, UL) pre-allocated UL radio blocks (Page Response 1212) from the wireless device 104 ₂. After transmitting the Page Response 1212, the wireless device 104 ₂ attempts to receive the PUAN message 1214 starting within the first possible set of EC-PACCH blocks corresponding to the wireless device 104 ₂'s assigned DL coverage class, as per FIG. 2's Step 4 of the Fixed Uplink Allocation technique and discussed next:

-   -   The PUAN message 1214 includes a DL TBF resource assignment         message 1215, providing assigned DL EC-PDTCH resources (e.g.,         timeslots) and an indication where the wireless device 104 ₂ is         to start looking for RLC data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂, 1202 ₃ . .         . 1202 _(X) thereon according to a DRX cycle after first waiting         a certain time period (e.g., as indicated by the information         within the PUAN message 1214). This technique will save the         wireless device 104 ₂ from having to receive an additional         EC-AGCH message 718 as shown in FIG. 7.

Step 7: The RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) relays a Paging Response message 1213 (e.g., a dummy LLC PDU) to the CN node 107 (e.g., SGSN 107).

Step 8: The CN node 107 (e.g., SGSN 107) transmits a PDU including the pending downlink user plane payload 1216 to the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) from which the CN node 107 (e.g., SGSN 107) received the Paging Response message 1213.

Step 9: The RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) disassembles the PDU including the pending downlink user plane payload 1216 into one or more RLC data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂, 1202 ₃ . . . 1202 _(X) appropriate for transmitting to the wireless device 104 ₂ over the radio interface.

Step 10: A HARQ scheme is used by the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) for transmitting the downlink payload 1216 (RLC data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂, 1202 ₃ . . . 1202 _(X)) to the wireless device 104 ₂. The wireless device 104 ₂ may be polled for a PDAN message 1220 within one or more of the variable number of RLC data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂, 1202 ₃ . . . 1202 _(X) transmitted to the wireless device 104 ₂ prior to the point in time where the PDAN message 1220 is to be transmitted. The following is a discussion about how the wireless device 104 ₂ can function to receive the RLC data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂, 1202 ₃ . . . 1202 _(X):

-   -   When attempting to find a DL RLC data block 1202 ₁ (for         example), the wireless device 104 ₂ examines fixed sets of         EC-PDTCH blocks based on the wireless device 104 ₂'s coverage         class. For example, if the wireless device 104 ₂ uses         N_(TX, DL)=2 (i.e., 2 blind repetitions) then it will only look         at fixed pairs of EC-PDTCH blocks in an attempt to receive a RLC         data block 1202 ₁ (for example) addressed to the wireless device         104 ₂'s assigned TFI on the wireless device 104 ₂'s assigned         timeslots. As such, the wireless device 104 ₂ will view each         52-multiframe on a monitored TS as potentially containing 6         pairs of EC-PDTCH blocks, where any one of these pairs may         potentially contain an expected RLC data block 1202 ₁.     -   If the RLC data block 1202 ₁ is not received within a set of         applicable EC-PDTCH blocks, then the wireless device 104 ₂         continues to read additional sets of EC-PDTCH blocks applicable         to the wireless device 104 ₂'s downlink coverage class.     -   For example, if the downlink payload 1216 transmission consists         of 5 MCS-1 RLC data blocks (X=5) and the N_(TX, DL) indicates 8         repetitions are needed, then a total of 40 radio blocks         (X*N_(TX, DL)) need to be transmitted. These 40 radio blocks         will be transmitted using 5 instances of 8 contiguous radio         blocks over the set of assigned timeslots. The time period         between the transmissions of any two successive RLC data blocks         (i.e., between instances of 8 contiguous radio blocks) is         variable, although the DL TBF resource assignment message 1215         may optionally indicate what this time period is in the interest         of the wireless device 104 ₂'s battery conservation.     -   The polling may be performed by including a polling field within         a set of one or more RLC data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂, 1202 ₃ . .         . 1202 _(X), where the polling field in each RLC data block 1202         ₁, 1202 ₂, 1202 ₃ . . . 1202 _(X) indicates the same point in         time at which the wireless device 104 ₂ is to transmit a PDAN         message 1220 on the UL EC-PACCH to the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS         102 ₂).

Step 11: The PDAN message 1220 is transmitted by the wireless device 104 ₂ on the UL EC-PACCH to the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂), wherein the location of the first pre-allocated UL EC-PACCH block used to transmit the PDAN message 1220 is indicated by the polling information included in one or more of the RLC data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂, 1202 ₃ . . . 1202 _(X) transmitted to the wireless device 104 ₂. The following is a more detailed discussion about the transmission and reception of the PDAN message 1220:

-   -   The location of the first UL EC-PACCH block used to transmit the         PDAN message 1220 may be expressed as an offset relative to DL         RLC data block 1202 ₁ (for example) from which the polling         information was read.     -   Alternatively, if the downlink assignment information indicates         that a specific number of DL RLC data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂,         1202 ₃ . . . 1202 _(x) will be transmitted contiguously prior to         polling, then upon receiving the last DL radio block 1202 _(x)         used to convey the DL RLC data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂, 1202 ₃ . .         . 120 _(2x), the wireless device 104 ₂ can transmit the PDAN         message 1220 using an offset (e.g., fixed or indicated by the         downlink assignment message 1215) from the last DL radio block         1202 _(x) to determine where to start transmitting the PDAN         message 1220. This same principle can be used where the wireless         device 104 ₂ has sent a PDAN message 1220 indicating that one or         more DL RLC data blocks 1202 ₂ (for example) need to be resent         (i.e., the wireless device 104 ₂ will expect all resent DL RLC         data blocks 1202 ₂ (for example) to be transmitted contiguously         and thereby determine where to transmit the corresponding PDAN         message 1220).     -   N_(TX, UL) contiguous radio blocks are pre-allocated for         transmission of the PDAN message 1220.     -   If the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) does not receive the         PDAN message 1220 within the pre-allocated UL radio blocks, then         the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) may resend a DL RLC data         block 1202 ₁ (for example) including polling information (a         repeated poll).     -   As such, after the wireless device 104 ₂ receives a DL RLC data         block 1202 _(X) (for example) including polling information and         transmits the corresponding PDAN message indicating all DL RLC         data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂, 1202 ₃ . . . 1202 _(X) have been         received, the wireless device 104 ₂ should wait a limited amount         of time (e.g., indicated by the assignment message 1218) and         then start looking for the possible reception of a previously         received DL RLC data block 1202 ₁ (for example) including         polling information. This allows for the case where the RAN node         102 ₂ does not receive the PDAN message 1220 sent by the         wireless device 104 ₂ in response the repeated poll.     -   If the wireless device 104 ₂ is polled again within this limited         time window, the wireless device 104 ₂ should transmit another         PDAN message 1220 using the specific set of pre-allocated         N_(TX, UL) radio blocks as indicated by the repeated poll.         Otherwise, the wireless device 104 ₂ should release the DL TBF         and enter the EC-Idle state.     -   When transmitting the PDAN message 1220 indicating that one or         more DL RLC data blocks 1202 ₂ (for example) have not been         received, the wireless device 104 ₂ should continue to monitor         the assigned DL PDTCH resources for reception of the missing RLC         data blocks 1202 ₂ (for example) and then proceed, as per Step         10.

Referring to FIG. 13, there is a flowchart of a method 1300 implemented in a RAN node 102 ₂ (for example) in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. At step 1302, the RAN node 102 ₂ receives the paging request message 1204 from the CN node 107. The paging request message 1204 is associated with the wireless device 104 ₂ (for example) (see FIG. 12's step 1 for additional details).

At step 1304, the RAN node 102 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of the page message 1206 to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 2 for additional details). The number of repetitions of the page message 1206 is based on the DL coverage class.

At step 1306, the RAN node 102 ₂ receives one or more repetitions of the access request message 1208 from the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 3 for additional details). The access request message 1208 requests resources for sending a Page Response message 1212 and includes an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class. The number of repetitions of the access request message 1208 is based on the UL coverage class N_(TX, UL).

At step 1308, the RAN node 102 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of the uplink assignment message 1210 to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 4 for additional details). The uplink assignment message 1210 can comprise: (a) an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio block(s) on a packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication (N_(TX, UL)) of an UL coverage class; (c) an indication (N_(TX, UL)) of a DL coverage class; and (d) an indication of a starting point of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to use to transmit the page response message 1212 to the RAN node 102 ₂. The number of repetitions of the uplink assignment message 1210 is based on the DL coverage class.

At step 1310, the RAN node 102 ₂ receives one or more repetitions of the page response message 1212 from the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 5 for additional details). The page response message 1212 can comprise: uplink payload (e.g., a dummy LLC PDU), where the uplink payload is received in the pre-allocated radio block(s). The page response message 1212 is repeated according to the UL coverage class.

At step 1312, the RAN node 102 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 1214 (e.g., PUAN message 1214) to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 6 for additional details). The first acknowledgment message 1214 can comprise: (a) a DL TBF resource assignment message 1215; (b) an indication where the wireless device 104 ₂ is to start looking for RLC data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂, 1202 ₃ . . . 1202 _(x) thereon according to a DRX cycle after first waiting a certain time period (e.g., as indicated by the information within the first acknowledgment message 1214); (c) a first bitmap indicating receipt of the page response message 1212 by the RAN node 102 ₂, and (d) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class. The number of repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 1214 is based on the DL coverage class.

At step 1314, the RAN node 102 ₂ transmits the paging response message 1213 to the CN node 107 (see FIG. 12's step 7 for additional details).

At step 1316, the RAN node 102 ₂ receives a PDU including the downlink payload 1216 from the CN node 107 (see FIG. 12's step 8 for additional details).

At step 1318, the RAN node 102 ₂ disassembles the PDU including the downlink payload 1216 into one or more data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) appropriate for transmission to the wireless device 104 ₂ over the radio interface (see FIG. 12's step 9 for additional details).

At step 1320, the RAN node 102 ₂ transmits to the wireless device 104 ₂ one or more repetitions of each of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) using the assigned DL resources (see FIG. 12's step 10 for additional details). The number of repetitions of each of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) is based on the DL coverage class. Further, all repetitions of each of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) are transmitted contiguously to the wireless device 104 ₂, and each of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) does not need to be transmitted contiguously with respect to one another to the wireless device 104 ₂.

At step 1322, the RAN node 102 ₂ receives one or more repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 1220 (e.g., PDAN message 1220) from the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 11 for additional details). The second acknowledgment message 1220 comprises: a second bitmap indicating receipt of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) by the wireless device 104 ₂. The number of repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 1220 is based on the UL coverage class. The other RAN node 102 ₁ can also be configured in a similar manner to perform method 1300.

Referring to FIG. 14, there is a block diagram illustrating structures of an exemplary RAN node 102 ₂ (for example) configured in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. In one embodiment, the RAN node 102 ₂ may comprise a first receive module 1402, a first transmit module 1404, a second receive module 1406, a second transmit module 1408, a third receive module 1410, a third transmit module 1412, a fourth transmit module 1414, a fourth receive module 1416, a disassemble module 1418, a fifth transmit module 1420, and a fifth receive module 1422. The RAN node 102 ₂ may also include other components, modules or structures which are well-known, but for clarity, only the components, modules or structures needed to describe the features of the present disclosure are described herein.

The first receive module 1402 can be configured to receive the paging request message 1204 from the CN node 107. The paging request message 1204 is associated with the wireless device 104 ₂ (for example) (see FIG. 12's step 1 for additional details).

The first transmit module 1404 can be configured to transmit one or more repetitions of the page message 1206 to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 2 for additional details).

The number of repetitions of the page message 1206 is based on the DL coverage class.

The second receive module 1406 can be configured to receive one or more repetitions of the access request message 1208 from the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 3 for additional details). The access request message 1208 requests resources for sending a Page Response message 1212 and includes an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class. The number of repetitions of the access request message 1208 is based on the UL coverage class.

The second transmit module 1408 can be configured to transmit one or more repetitions of the uplink assignment message 1210 to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 4 for additional details). The uplink assignment message 1210 can comprise: (a) an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio block(s) on a packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication (N_(TX, UL)) of an UL coverage class; (c) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class; and (d) an indication of a starting point of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to use to transmit the page response message 1212 to the RAN node 102 ₂. The number of repetitions of the uplink assignment message 1210 is based on the DL coverage class.

The third receive module 1410 can be configured to receive one or more repetitions of the page response message 1212 from the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 5 for additional details). The page response message 1212 can comprise: uplink payload (e.g., a dummy LLC PDU), where the uplink payload is received in the pre-allocated radio block(s). The page response message 1212 is repeated according to the UL coverage class.

The third transmit module 1412 can be configured to transmit one or more repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 1214 (e.g., PUAN message 1214) to the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 6 for additional details). The first acknowledgment message 1214 can comprise: (a) a DL TBF resource assignment message 1215; (b) an indication where the wireless device 104 ₂ is to start looking for RLC data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂, 1202 ₃ . . . 1202 _(x) thereon according to a DRX cycle after first waiting a certain time period (e.g., as indicated by the information within the first acknowledgment message 1214); (c) a first bitmap indicating receipt of the page response message 1212 by the RAN node 102 ₂; and (d) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class. The number of repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 1214 is based on the DL coverage class.

The fourth transmit module 1414 can be configured to transmit the paging response message 1213 to the CN node 107 (see FIG. 12's step 7 for additional details).

The fourth receive module 1416 can be configured to receive a PDU including the downlink payload 1216 from the CN node 107 (see FIG. 12's step 8 for additional details).

The disassemble module 1418 can be configured to disassemble the PDU including the downlink payload 1216 into one or more data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) appropriate for transmission to the wireless device 104 ₂ over the radio interface (see FIG. 12's step 9 for additional details).

The fifth transmit module 1420 can be configured to transmit to the wireless device 104 ₂ one or more repetitions of each of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) using the assigned DL resources (see FIG. 12's step 10 for additional details). The number of repetitions of each of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) is based on the DL coverage class. Further, all repetitions of each of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) are transmitted contiguously to the wireless device 104 ₂, and each of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) does not need to be transmitted contiguously with respect to one another to the wireless device 104 ₂.

The fifth receive module 1422 can be configured to receive one or more repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 1220 (e.g., PDAN message 1220) from the wireless device 104 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 11 for additional details). The second acknowledgment message 1220 comprises: a second bitmap indicating receipt of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) by the wireless device 104 ₂. The number of repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 1220 is based on the UL coverage class. The other RAN node 102 ₁ can also be configured in a similar manner to perform method 1300.

As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the above-described modules 1402, 1404, 1406, 1408, 1410, 1412, 1414, 1416, 1418, 1420, and 1422 of the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) may be implemented separately as suitable dedicated circuits. Further, the modules 1402, 1404, 1406, 1408, 1410, 1412, 1414, 1416, 1418, 1420, and 1422 can also be implemented using any number of dedicated circuits through functional combination or separation. In some embodiments, the modules 1402, 1404, 1406, 1408, 1410, 1412, 1414, 1416, 1418, 1420, and 1422 may be even combined in a single application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). As an alternative software-based implementation, the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) may comprise a memory 1342, a processor 1322 (including but not limited to a microprocessor, a microcontroller or a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), etc.) and a transceiver 1222. The memory 1342 stores machine-readable program code executable by the processor 1322 to cause the RAN node 102 ₂ (e.g., BSS 102 ₂) to perform the steps of the above-described method 1300. It should be appreciated that the other RAN node 102 ₁ can also be configured in a similar manner as the RAN node 102 ₂ to perform method 1300.

Referring to FIG. 15, there is a flowchart of a method 1500 implemented in a wireless device 104 ₂ (for example) in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. At step 1502, the wireless device 104 ₂ receives one or more repetitions of the page message 1206 from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 2 for additional details). The number of repetitions of the page message 1206 is based on the DL coverage class N_(TX, DL).

At step 1504, the wireless device 104 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of the access request message 1208 to the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 3 for additional details). The access request message 1208 requests resources for sending a Page Response message 1212 and includes an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class. The number of repetitions of the access request message 1208 is based on the UL coverage class.

At step 1506, the wireless device 104 ₂ receives one or more repetitions of the uplink assignment message 1210 from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 4 for additional details). The uplink assignment message 1210 can comprise: (a) an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio block(s) on a packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication (N_(TX, UL)) of an UL coverage class; (c) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class; and (d) an indication of a starting point of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to use to transmit the page response message 1212 to the RAN node 102 ₂. The number of repetitions of the uplink assignment message 1210 is based on the DL coverage class.

At step 1508, the wireless device 104 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of the page response message 1212 to the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 5 for additional details). The page response message 1212 can comprise: uplink payload (e.g., a dummy LLC PDU), where the uplink payload is received in the pre-allocated radio block(s). The page response message 1212 is repeated according to the UL coverage class.

At step 1510, the wireless device 104 ₂ receives one or more repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 1214 (e.g., PUAN message 1214) from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 6 for additional details). The first acknowledgment message 1214 can comprise: (a) a DL TBF resource assignment message 1215; (b) an indication where the wireless device 104 ₂ is to start looking for RLC data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂, 1202 ₃ . . . 1202 _(X) thereon according to a DRX cycle after first waiting a certain time period (e.g., as indicated by the information within the first acknowledgment message 1214); (c) a first bitmap indicating receipt of the page response message 1212 by the RAN node 102 ₂; and (d) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class. The number of repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 1214 is based on the DL coverage class.

At step 1512, the wireless device 104 ₂ receives from the RAN node 102 ₂ one or more repetitions of each of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) using the assigned DL resources (see FIG. 12's step 10 for additional details). The number of repetitions of each of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) is based on the DL coverage class. Further, all repetitions of each of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) are received contiguously by the wireless device 104 ₂, and each of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) does not need to be received contiguously with respect to one another by the wireless device 104 ₂.

At step 1514, the wireless device 104 ₂ transmits one or more repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 1220 (e.g., PDAN message 1220) to the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 11 for additional details). The second acknowledgment message 1220 comprises: a second bitmap indicating receipt of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) by the wireless device 104 ₂. The number of repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 1220 is based on the UL coverage class. The other wireless devices 104 ₁, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n) can also be configured in a similar manner to perform method 1500.

Referring to FIG. 16, there is a block diagram illustrating structures of an exemplary wireless device 104 ₂ (for example) configured in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. In one embodiment, the wireless device 104 ₂ may comprise a first receive module 1602, a first transmit module 1604, a second receive module 1606, a second transmit module 1608, a third receive module 1610, a fourth receive module 1612, and a third transmit module 1116. The wireless device 104 ₂ may also include other components, modules or structures which are well-known, but for clarity, only the components, modules or structures needed to describe the features of the present disclosure are described herein.

The first receive module 1602 can be configured to receive one or more repetitions of the page message 1206 from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 2 for additional details). The number of repetitions of the page message 1206 is based on the DL coverage class.

The first transmit module 1604 can be configured to transmit one or more repetitions of the access request message 1208 to the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 3 for additional details). The access request message 1208 requests resources for sending a Page Response message 1212 and includes an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class. The number of repetitions of the access request message 1208 is based on the UL coverage class.

The second receive module 1606 can be configured to receive one or more repetitions of the uplink assignment message 1210 from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 4 for additional details). The uplink assignment message 1210 can comprise: (a) an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio block(s) on a packet data traffic channel; (b) an indication (N_(TX, UL)) of an UL coverage class; (c) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class; and (d) an indication of starting point of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device 104 ₂ is to use to transmit the page response message 1212 to the RAN node 102 ₂. The number of repetitions of the uplink assignment message 1210 is based on the DL coverage class.

The second transmit module 1608 can be configured to transmit one or more repetitions of the page response message 1212 to the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 5 for additional details). The page response message 1212 can comprise: uplink payload (e.g., a dummy LLC

PDU), where the uplink payload is received in the pre-allocated radio block(s). The page response message 1212 is repeated according to the UL coverage class.

The third receive module 1610 can be configured to receive one or more repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 1214 (e.g., PUAN message 1214) from the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 6 for additional details). The first acknowledgment message 1214 can comprise:

(a) a DL TBF resource assignment message 1215; (b) an indication where the wireless device 104 ₂ is to start looking for RLC data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂, 1202 ₃ . . . 1202 _(X) thereon according to a DRX cycle after first waiting a certain time period (e.g., as indicated by the information within the first acknowledgment message 1214); (c) a first bitmap indicating receipt of the page response message 1212 by the RAN node 102 ₂ and (d) an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a DL coverage class. The number of repetitions of the first acknowledgment message 1214 is based on the DL coverage class.

The fourth receive module 1612 can be configured to receive from the RAN node 102 ₂ one or more repetitions of each of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) using the assigned DL resources (see FIG. 12's step 10 for additional details). The number of repetitions of each of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) is based on the DL coverage class. Further, all repetitions of each of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) are received contiguously by the wireless device 104 ₂, and each of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) does not need to be received contiguously with respect to one another by the wireless device 104 ₂.

The third transmit module 1614 can be configured to transmit one or more repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 1220 (e.g., PDAN message 1220) to the RAN node 102 ₂ (see FIG. 12's step 11 for additional details). The second acknowledgment message 1220 comprises: a second bitmap indicating receipt of the data blocks 1202 ₁, 1202 ₂ . . . 1202 _(X) by the wireless device 104 ₂. The number of repetitions of the second acknowledgment message 1220 is based on the UL coverage class. The other wireless devices 104 ₁, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n) can also be configured in a similar manner to perform method 1500.

As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the above-described modules 1602, 1604, 1606, 1608, 1610, 1612, and 1614 of the wireless device 104 ₂ (e.g., MS 104 ₂) may be implemented separately as suitable dedicated circuits. Further, the modules 1602, 1604, 1606, 1608, 1610, 1612, and 1614 can also be implemented using any number of dedicated circuits through functional combination or separation. In some embodiments, the modules 1602, 1604, 1606, 1608, 1610, 1612, and 1614 may be even combined in a single application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). As an alternative software-based implementation, the wireless device 104 ₂ may comprise a memory 120 ₂, a processor 118 ₂ (including but not limited to a microprocessor, a microcontroller or a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), etc.) and a transceiver 110 ₂. The memory 120 ₂ stores machine-readable program code executable by the processor 118 ₂ to cause the wireless device 104 ₂ to perform the steps of the above-described method 1500. It should be appreciated that the other wireless devices 104 ₁, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n) can also be configured in a similar manner as the wireless device 104 ₂ to perform method 1500.

Normal Coverage Wireless Devices

USF-based scheduling as per current GSM operation can be used for wireless devices 104 ₃ (for example) in normal coverage, thereby allowing the USF to be included within DL radio blocks 202 ₁, 202 ₂ . . . 202 _(X) transmitted on the EC-PDTCH/EC-PACCH to the wireless devices 104 ₂, 104 ₄ . . . 104 _(n) (for example) in extended coverage so the USF can still be used by the wireless devices 104 ₃ (for example) in normal coverage to schedule UL transmissions. The features of UL scheduling are summarized in TABLE #4 below.

TABLE #4 Uplink Scheduling Features DL Coverage Class UL Coverage Class UL based scheduling (receiver of data) (sender of data) principle Normal Normal USF or Fixed UL Allocation Normal Extended USF or Fixed UL allocation Extended Normal Fixed Uplink Allocation Extended Extended Fixed UL allocation

SUMMARY

The features of the Fixed Uplink Allocation (FUA) technique and the Flexible Downlink Allocation (FDA) technique as described herein are proposed for supporting EC-GSM wireless devices 104 ₁, 104 ₂, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n).

The Fixed Uplink Allocation technique allows for uplink transmissions from EC-GSM wireless devices 104 ₁, 104 ₂, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n) (normal or extended coverage classes) on the same Packet Data Traffic Channel (PDTCH) resources used to serve legacy wireless devices. The use of USF-based uplink transmission is not practical for wireless devices in extended coverage as it would impose the restriction of scheduling uplink transmissions from a wireless device of a certain coverage class while simultaneously sending downlink payload to a wireless device of the same coverage class.

The Flexible Downlink Allocation technique allows for downlink transmissions to EC-GSM devices 104 ₁, 104 ₂, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n) (normal or extended coverage classes) on the same PDTCH resources used to serve legacy wireless devices by keeping the Temporary Flow Identity (TFI) field in the same location in all downlink radio block headers regardless of if the radio block is sent to a legacy wireless device or an EC-GSM wireless device 104 ₁, 104 ₂, 104 ₃ . . . 104 _(n).

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the use of the term “exemplary” is used herein to mean “illustrative,” or “serving as an example,” and is not intended to imply that a particular embodiment is preferred over another or that a particular feature is essential. Likewise, the terms “first” and “second,” and similar terms, are used simply to distinguish one particular instance of an item or feature from another, and do not indicate a particular order or arrangement, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Further, the term “step,” as used herein, is meant to be synonymous with “operation” or “action.” Any description herein of a sequence of steps does not imply that these operations must be carried out in a particular order, or even that these operations are carried out in any order at all, unless the context or the details of the described operation clearly indicates otherwise.

Of course, the present disclosure may be carried out in other specific ways than those herein set forth without departing from the scope and essential characteristics of the invention. One or more of the specific processes discussed above may be carried out in a cellular phone or other communications transceiver comprising one or more appropriately configured processing circuits, which may in some embodiments be embodied in one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs). In some embodiments, these processing circuits may comprise one or more microprocessors, microcontrollers, and/or digital signal processors programmed with appropriate software and/or firmware to carry out one or more of the operations described above, or variants thereof. In some embodiments, these processing circuits may comprise customized hardware to carry out one or more of the functions described above. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.

Although multiple embodiments of the present disclosure have been illustrated in the accompanying Drawings and described in the foregoing Detailed Description, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but instead is also capable of numerous rearrangements, modifications and substitutions without departing from the present disclosure that as has been set forth and defined within the following claims. 

The invention claimed is:
 1. A radio access network (RAN) node configured to interact with a core network (CN) node and a wireless device, the RAN node comprising: a processor; and, a memory that stores processor-executable instructions, wherein the processor interfaces with the memory to execute the processor-executable instructions, whereby the RAN node is operable to: receive, from the wireless device, one or more repetitions of an access request message, wherein the access request message comprises: an indication of a number of data blocks the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node; and transmit, to the wireless device, one or more repetitions of an uplink assignment message, wherein the uplink assignment message comprises: an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio blocks on a packet data traffic channel; an indication (N_(TX, UL)) of an Uplink (UL) coverage class; and an indication of a starting point of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device is to use to transmit a first data block from the data blocks that the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node, wherein the pre-allocated radio blocks are allocated such that each of the data blocks does not need to be transmitted contiguously with respect to one another by the wireless device.
 2. The RAN node of claim 1, wherein the access request message further comprises: an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a Downlink (DL) coverage class estimated by the wireless device.
 3. The RAN node of claim 1, wherein the uplink assignment message further comprises: an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a Downlink (DL) coverage class; and an indication of starting points of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device is to use to transmit the data blocks subsequent to the first data block that the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node.
 4. The RAN node of claim 1, wherein the RAN node is further operable to: receive, from the wireless device, a portion of the number of data blocks in a portion of the pre-allocated radio blocks, and wherein each of the received data blocks has been repeated according to the UL coverage class.
 5. A method in a radio access network (RAN) node—configured to interact with a core network (CN) node—and a wireless device, the method comprising: receiving, from the wireless device, one or more repetitions of an access request message, wherein the access request message comprises: an indication of a number of data blocks the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node; and transmitting, to the wireless device, one or more repetitions of an uplink assignment message, wherein the uplink assignment message comprises: an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio blocks on a packet data traffic channel; an indication (N_(TX, UL)) of an Uplink (UL) coverage class; and an indication of a starting point of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device is to use to transmit a first data block from the data blocks that the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node, wherein the pre-allocated radio blocks are allocated such that each of the data blocks does not need to be transmitted contiguously with respect to one another by the wireless device.
 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the access request message further comprises: an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a Downlink (DL) coverage class estimated by the wireless device.
 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the uplink assignment message further comprises: an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a Downlink (DL) coverage class; and an indication of starting points of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device is to use to transmit the data blocks subsequent to the first data block that the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node.
 8. The method of claim 5, further comprising: receiving, from the wireless device, a portion of the number of data blocks in a portion of the pre-allocated radio blocks, and wherein each of the received data blocks has been repeated according to the UL coverage class.
 9. A wireless device configured to interact with a radio access network (RAN) node, the wireless device comprising: a processor; and, a memory that stores processor-executable instructions, wherein the processor interfaces with the memory to execute the processor-executable instructions, whereby the wireless device is operable to: transmit, to the RAN node, one or more repetitions of an access request message, wherein the access request message comprises: an indication of a number of data blocks the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node; and receive, from the RAN node, one or more repetitions of an uplink assignment message, wherein the uplink assignment message comprises: an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio blocks on a packet data traffic channel; an indication (N_(TX, UL)) of an Uplink (UL) coverage class; and an indication of a starting point of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device is to use to transmit a first data block from the data blocks that the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node, wherein the pre-allocated radio blocks are allocated such that each of the data blocks does not need to be transmitted contiguously with respect to one another by the wireless device.
 10. The wireless device of claim 9, wherein the access request message further comprises: an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a Downlink (DL) coverage class estimated by the wireless device.
 11. The wireless device of claim 9, wherein the uplink assignment message further comprises: an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a Downlink (DL) coverage class; and an indication of starting points of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device is to use to transmit the data blocks subsequent to the first data block that the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node.
 12. The wireless device of claim 9, wherein the wireless device is further operable to: transmit, to the RAN node, the data blocks using the pre-allocated radio blocks, and wherein each of the transmitted data blocks has been repeated according to the UL coverage class.
 13. A method in a wireless device configured to interact with a radio access network (RAN) node, the method comprising: transmitting, to the RAN node, one or more repetitions of an access request message, wherein the access request message comprises: an indication of a number of data blocks the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node; and receiving, from the RAN node, one or more repetitions of an uplink assignment message, wherein the uplink assignment message comprises: an indication of a number of pre-allocated radio blocks on a packet data traffic channel; an indication (N_(TX, UL)) of an Uplink (UL) coverage class; and an indication of a starting point of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device is to use to transmit a first data block from the data blocks that the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node, wherein the pre-allocated radio blocks are allocated such that each of the data blocks does not need to be transmitted contiguously with respect to one another by the wireless device.
 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the access request message further comprises: an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a Downlink (DL) coverage class estimated by the wireless device.
 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the uplink assignment message further comprises: an indication (N_(TX, DL)) of a Downlink (DL) coverage class; and an indication of starting points of the pre-allocated radio blocks that the wireless device is to use to transmit the data blocks subsequent to the first data block that the wireless device intends to transmit to the RAN node.
 16. The method of claim 13, further comprising: transmitting, to the RAN node, the data blocks using the pre-allocated radio blocks, and wherein each of the transmitted data blocks has been repeated according to the UL coverage class. 